State Taxation of Service Providers discusses income tax issues that have arisen as the United States' economic base has shifted from manufacturing to services. The discussion focuses on two major issues: (1) the problems of apportioning the income of multistate service providers, and (2) the nexus issues that taxpayers must confront. The Portfolio discusses both of these topics generally, paying particular attention to the applicable pronouncements of the U.S. Supreme Court.
The authors, Timothy H. Gillis, Esq., with KPMG LLP, and W. Scott Wright, Esq., with Sutherland, begin with an overview and introduction detailing the UDITPA provisions applicable to service providers. They then examine in detail the major state income tax issues faced by service providers, including:
State Taxation of Service Providers also details the general rules for personal services as well as the rules for specific professional services, including professional athletes; lawyers and law firms; architectural, engineering, and design services; and entertainers.
The discussion covers nexus and apportionment as applied on an industry-specific basis.
Among this Portfolio’s worksheets, readers will find an annotated version of the Uniform Division of Income for Tax Purposes Act as well as excerpts from the Multistate Tax Commission Regulations.
State Taxation of Service Providers allows you to benefit from:
This Portfolio is part of the Premier State Tax Library, a comprehensive series, which covers major state tax transactions and issues with expert, in-depth analysis, and offers commentary on a wide range of multi-state and state-specific taxation topics, including Sales and Use, Corporate Income, Individual Income, Property, Gross Receipts, Limitations on States' Authorities to Tax, Credits and Incentives, Electronic Commerce, Mergers and Acquisitions, Procedure and Administration, Special Industries, and more.
Detailed Analysis
1820.01. OVERVIEW
1820.02. INTRODUCTION: THE UDITPA PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO SERVICE PROVIDERS
1820.03. MAJOR STATE INCOME TAX ISSUES FACED BY SERVICE PROVIDERS (GENERAL DISCUSSION)
A. Choice of Entity
B. Nexus Issues
1. The Due Process Clause
a. Quill Corp. v. North Dakota
b. The Judicial Jurisdiction Cases
c. Post–Quill Developments
2. The Commerce Clause
3. Public Law 86–272
4. Internal Nexus Review
C. Allocation and Apportionment of Income
1. Allocation
2. Apportionment
a. Formulary Apportionment - General Discussion
(1) UDITPA
(2) Variations Increasing Weight of Sales Factor
(3) General Service–Based Variations
b. Other Apportionment Schemes
c. Property Factor
d. Payroll Factor
e. Sales Factor
(1) The Income–Producing Activity/Costs of Performance Approaches
(a) Income–Producing Activity
(b) Costs of Performance
(2) Solicitation Approach
(3) Market–State Approach
(4) Other Approaches Used by Specific States
(a) North Carolina
(b) New Jersey
(c) New York
1820.04. PERSONAL & PROFESSIONAL SERVICES
A. General Rules for Personal Services
B. Professional Athletes
C. Lawyers and Law Firms
D. Architectural, Engineering, & Design Services
E. Entertainers
Working Papers
Table of Worksheets
Worksheet 1 Uniform Division of Income for Tax Purposes Act– Annotated
Worksheet 2 Multistate Tax Commission Regulations – Excerpts
Worksheet 3 Quill Corp. v. North Dakota 112 S. Ct. 1904 (1992)
Opinion
Worksheet 4 National Bellas Hess, Inc. v. Department of Revenue of the State of Illinois 386 U.S. 753 (1967)
Bibliography