WPCw xUEYHw|pemй V1"n@kż]Q.ua/&jO^J7| 0 2 R:xŮpE{d⍗*<'l2n I2q!l%~V>+Yty h<70 COY+ꊁ}=BcXW}dҫZѽY7*ⓦA8b+_"oyl]gƺdEYY!Ety*4Dԇc""~dkS=HHᅯ¾ scFkMؓ4(h{ȼ-i5u^4j,\o j#!9UN3: %: 0::w:UN: 0I; 0`h; 0x; 0n@< 0<x=  \> |> 0> 4>> $? ,? ,*@~V@ 2@aA 6gAA &B 014BB 2CzC ,hD&DVI J,J 8J  (K 24KTfK  KK  L}L  M 2=MoM  MU>N|LN "NN }O OO  fP ,rP :P *PQ .Q QQR D8S|S $1TUT "DUfU "U  V ,)V{UVV[W .WvX xX YY (Y YlY BOZlZ ([ .-[[[ 0 C[ :=\ $w\p\ ] "]] BD^k^ 2^#_ $__ ` `-` 6``  a[a 6b 6:b 4pb >bbcp3d 6d Fd 0 e @ekeRf 4.gbgg &hi 2iiDjj k kRk @ldOl  l 8llm #n ,5nan *+oUop ,q 6q 8q'r &r .sFs Hst 6t 0uz2uu 8\v  vv_Ew 2w wcwyWx  x  x .xO*y yyy "&z 8Hzz{ x{  L|l| }.}  }} ~~ 6h < & ր 8y 7TG ,Mǂ 0D= Lve :ۅj 6;q  &  9 6Y { S 6q N &l &w Yyu   .̎S "ԏ 4 *o [E 2Ғ 6z~ $. 2R^  . B\ Yu 2_  4՗k ( 3  OY $ 6 4C 0W  : 4XW :u <v .;nixן Ok   ' A _ } <ǡ "* 4L & & ,̣  6Loݤ >Lu >=ߦ 4 "ʧ| $h $e 0E $ɩ & 6 ( $ "2KT   :xZ "Ҭ " 0Vȭ (-U    9 8įy  u    H  T` $ 2@\r <β}    & &߳gʴ 41e ,d 4 6 0| m9;PNϹѹ .׽ < &" &H ,n . 4 &> & 8 0VT 4 @ < 0|I 4 0+ .[  <T 6>t 4b & 2n x$  <o 6 D >q >8 @v .9g 2  @R :XY 4 9U $ x xq h ,Q} h <y 6N 4 &: *` ( 0 *{} 0" Rhl 2 28 ,   (lD 4 2 . $D  hU2  . $ B_ 0 P > >y B . 4n r]2 < $ : 6ys 2Qj_ 8 &' 6 &W &@ 4f 4 & ( (  : 2 @"E 2g 0\ 46 2jr : D\\ ,(  > 2 $ :8r F :? .y G B_] 49m 6% $[f $ x( & D  @ 2   6   2   @8 x 6  0  , 0H @xw (/W 6 * 8  <c , 4 4 : : 0w| 0#S 0P ,=\i 2 . :%  "_   :]!!" 0""# >$ ,$ 2$ ("%J%& 8& <& ,1' *]' 4''v( 0a) $)) q* >** :++,- 2- 4,.`. 4/8/ "/ 40P0 $0 41M1 L/2 ${22 663l33 &444N5f6 >K7 477 6c8 088 >9  9 $9 : 2: 0; &8; 6^;; .]< <<< &= ,= ,=> > $>  >  ? $? ,A?m? <? &7@]@ 4A .:AhA &HB 0nB  B :BB 4CD $D "D ,E  2ERE $#F $GFkF 6GNG (H6HH 4I I IJ M 2M%NN 2pO 6OO 4P|P 6SQQ 0R NRlR :S @S *^SS 2OT >TT <UU 2VV *_W *WW3X ,ZZ 0[r[ 2:] .l]] g^^ ^ 8^ 2^#_ 8_ "` ,A` ,m`` B+ama $ebb :Ncc .Hdvd .e .Keye ,(fTf 8f *,g Vgrg h :$h^h i 0ii 2lj jjOk <k.l 0l 2l $m "Amcm n n:n 4n "o1o 4oo @p 0p $q $'qKq , r5r 2r 4s Ks $gss 6)t *_t &t t &ttu :=vUNwv ,v *vw 2w ,x "/x .Qx xx 6y y yy .y *&zPz 6z/{{ 2|=|   ' .Ao  &/ $U $y $y *_ ,em $4X 64 4j 4 6҆ ,{ .#Q D 4H .| 8N 8 ܋ <J  :ڍڍ , * ,> 8͏ 8 4Ȑ 4 0 (@  h $ :V *( 6RK 8ڕ (: 4Ֆ . 7 0 $: $ .C (q <J 2P   , 2N 6Q * <? ({{{ , ϠϠ   :!!$[ . .UU   .] ,MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMy ,KXerox DCS0(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularX($USUS.,E Z6Times New Roman Regular( ($0 (8$0 0` (#(#` (P$0 0` (#(#0 ` ` (#` (#` (h$0 0` (#(#0 ` ` (#` (#0  (# (# (W$0 0` (#(#0 ` ` (#` (#0  (# (#0h(#(#h# !USUS.,  __Linser_Ԁv.OhioDepartmentofMentalHealth,2000U.S.App.LEXIS25644(6thCir.  2000)(unpublished)USoileauCasesLinser v. OhioNowlin v. KmartCasesBaulos v. RoadwayCases __Deforrest_Ԁv.StanleySmithSecurity,Inc.,AppellateCaseNo.A072441(OnAppealtoCalifornia  CourtofAppealFirstAppellateDistrict)DeforrestCasesSutton v. United (US)Sutton v. United (US) t__Baulos_Ԁv.RoadwayExpress,Inc.,139F.3d1147(7thCir.1998)Walton v. MentalCases W_MacDonaldv.DeltaAirLines,Inc.,94F.3d1437(10thCir.1996)MacDonald v. DeltaCases __Penchishen_Ԁv.StrohBreweryCo.,932F.Supp.671(E.D.Pa.1996),_aff'd_,116F.3d469(3d  Cir.),cert.denied,118S.Ct.178(1997)PenchishenCases&b$0  !USUS.,  _Waltonv.MentalHealthAssociationofSoutheasternPennsylvania,168F.3d1228(3rdCir.  1999)Parker v. GenevaCases p_Parkerv.GenevaEnterprises,Inc.,1998U.S.App.LEXIS4980(4thCir.1998)(unpublished)Sutton v. United (US)  v$USUS.,Ӏ  5    _ԀAnumberofcourtshadfollowed_EEOC_sapproachbyanalyzingwhethertheindividualwas  disqualifiedfromaclassorbroadrangeofjobs.Forexample,in & Daltonv.SubaruIsuzu,141  F.3d667(7thCir.1998),thecourtlookedatthepercentageofjobsfromwhichtheplaintiffswererestrictedinanalyzingwhethertheyweresubstantiallylimitedinworking.Thecourt t concludedthatplaintiffswhowererestrictedfromvariouspercentagesofjobsintheircounty(rangingfrom35%to89%)couldbeconsideredsubstantiallylimitedinworking.In_ - _Webbv. L  _Garelick_ԀManufacturingCo.,94F.3d484(8thCir.1996),thecourtheldthatacourtshould 8  analyzewhetheranindividualcouldnotperformaclassofjobs,takingintoaccounthis $ t "expertise,background,andjobexpectations."Thecourtexpresslyrejectedtheapproachofanalyzingwhethertheindividualcouldperformotherjobsinthelaborpool. L_Kellyv.DrexelUniversity,94F.3d102(3dCir.1996)!KellyCases _Gordonv._E.L._ԀHamm&Associates,Inc.,100F.3d907(11thCir.1996),cert.denied,118S.Ct.  630(1997)#Gordon v. E.L. HammCasesKelly'Dalton v. SubaruCases J_Daltonv.SubaruIsuzu,141F.3d667(7thCir.1998))HolihanCases __Holihan_Ԁv.LuckyStores,Inc.,87F.3d362(9thCir.1996),cert.denied,117S.Ct.1349(1997)+SchultzCases s_Schultzv._Spraylat_ԀCorp.,866F.Supp.1535(C.D.Cal.1994)Anderson v. Gus.Webb v. GarelickCases u_Webbv._Garelick_ԀManufacturingCo.,94F.3d484(8thCir.1996)Senate Sergeant\  `&Times New Roman r__Shpargel_Ԁv.Stage&Co.,914F.Supp.1468(E.D.Mich.1996)1ShpargelCases __Roush_Ԁv._Weastec_,Inc.,96F.3d840(6thCir.1996)3RoushCasesPenchishen !USUS.,  _Murphyv.UnitedParcelService,Inc.,527U.S.516,119_S.Ct_.2133(1999)RoushSutton v. United (US)6Murphy v. United(US)CasesMurphy v. United(US) __EEOC_Ԁv._Joslyn_ԀManufacturingCo.,5ADCases1220(N.D.Ill.1996);EEOC v. JoslynCasesEEOC v. Joslyn !USUS.,  _Bowenv.IncomeProducingManagementofOklahoma,Inc.,202F.3d1282(10thCir.2000) !USUS.,  _Gibsonv.WalMartStores,Inc.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS15180(6thCir.1999)(unpublished)>Bowen v. Income ProducingCases _Greenbergv.NewYorkStateDepartmentofCorrectionalServices,919F.Supp.637(_E.D.N.Y._  1996)AGreenbergCases __Pangalos_Ԁv.PrudentialInsuranceCo.ofAmerica,5ADCases1825(E.D.Pa.1996),_aff'd_,118  F.3d1577(3dCir.1997)CPangalosCases {_Rosamondv._Pennaco_ԀHosiery,Inc.,942F.Supp.279(N.D.Miss.1996)ERosamondCasesPPottsCasesDavidson v. Midelfort q__Sherrod_Ԁv.AmericanAirlines,132F.3d1112(5thCir.1998) !USUS.,  _Averyv.OmahaPublicPowerDistrict,1999U.S.App.LEXIS17699(8thCir.  1999)(unpublished) Q_Millerv.CityofSpringfield,146F.3d612(8thCir.1998)JAvery v. OmahaCases l__Feliberty_Ԁv.KemperCorp.,98F.3d274(7thCir.1996)MFelibertyCasesper Corp., 98 F.3d 274 (7th Cir. 19Cases  {__Potts_Ԁv.NationalHealthcare,L.P.,5ADCases1110(M.D.Tenn.1996)Johnson v. BoardmanSCookCases b_Cookv.RhodeIslandDepartmentofMentalHealth,10F.3d17(1stCir.1993) d __Soileau_Ԁv._Guilford_ԀofMaine,105F.3d12(1stCir.1997)Weiler v. HouseholdSiemon v. AT&TCases !USUS.,  _Charlesv.D&FMason,Inc.,2000U.S.App.LEXIS23943(2dCir.2000)(unpublished)($    XCharles v. D&F MasonCasesCorrigan v. Perry f_Martinezv.CityofRoy,1998U.S.App.LEXIS5906(10thCir.1998)(unpublished) __Wenzlaff_Ԁv._Nationsbank_,940F.Supp.889(D.Md.1996)]WenzlaffCases v_Johnsonv.A.P.Products,Ltd.,934F.Supp.625(_S.D.N.Y._Ԁ1996)_Johnson v. A.P. ProductsCases a_Jessiev.CarterHealthCareCenter,Inc.,926F.Supp.613(E.D.Ky.1996)aJessie v. CarterCases __Gudenkauf_Ԁv.StaufferCommunications,Inc.,922F.Supp.465(D._Kan_.1996)cGudenkaufCases   WenzlaffGudenkauf __Garrett_Ԁv.ChicagoSchoolReformBoardofTrustees,6ADCases147(N.D.Ill.1996)hGarrett v. ChicagoCases __Cerrato_Ԁv.Durham,941F.Supp.388(_S.D.N.Y._Ԁ1996)jCerratoCases Q_Pattersonv.XeroxCorp.,901F.Supp.274(N.D.Ill.1995)lPatterson v. XeroxCases?Gibson v. Wal-MartCasesChenoweth v. HillsboroughqTaylor v. PhoenixvilleCases !  _Taylorv._Phoenixville_ԀSchoolDistrict,184F.3d296(3rdCir.1999) __Kolivas_Ԁv.Credit_Agricole_,1997U.S.App.LEXIS27163(2dCir.1997)(unpublished) f__Deas_Ԁv.RiverWest,152F.3d471(5thCir.1998)sDeas v. River WestCasesrKolivas v. Credit AgricoleCases(?!2$ !USUS.,  Ӏ  0  xRogers v. InternationalCases a_Rogersv.InternationalMarineTerminals,Inc.,87F.3d755(5thCir.1996) !USUS.,  __Finnicum_Ԁv._Evant_,Inc.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS9849(6thCir.1999)(unpublished)yFinnicum v. EvantCases __Vonderheide_Ԁv.U.S.PostOffice,1998U.S.App.LEXIS16885(6thCir.1998)(unpublished) !USUS.,  __Albertsons_,Inc.v._Kirkingburg_,527U.S.555,119_S.Ct_.2162(1999)|AlbertsonsCases x_Olsonv.GeneralElectric_Astrospace_,101F.3d947(3rdCir.1996)~Olson v. GeneralCases u__Weiler_Ԁv.HouseholdFinanceCorp.,101F.3d519(7thCir.1996) !USUS.,  __Borgialli_Ԁv.ThunderBasinCoalCo.,235F.3d1284(10thCir.2000) !USUS.,  _Mullinsv._Crowell_,228F.3d1305(11thCir.2000)SandersKatzCases H_Katzv.CityMetalCo.,87F.3d26(1stCir.1996)Arnold v. United ParcelCases Z_Arnoldv.UnitedParcelService,Inc.,135F.3d1089(1stCir.1998)SweetWeiler v. HouseholdCases  !USUS.,  _Spadesv.CityofWalnutRidge,186F.3d897(8thCir.1999) _Robinsonv.GlobalMarineDrillingCo.,101F.3d35(5thCir.1996),cert.denied,117S.Ct.  1820(1997)AckridgeSutton v. United (US) !USUS.,  _Martinv.LockheedMartinMissilesandSpaceCo.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS15190(9thCir.  1999)(unpublished)Murphy v. United(US) z v$USUS.,Ӏ  9    _Ԁ2/12/98InformalGuidanceLetterfromEllenJ._Vargyas_,LegalCounsel.Seealso7/19/00  InformalGuidanceLetterfromChristopherJ._Kuczynski_,AssistantLegalCounsel. !USUS.,  __Rhoads_Ԁv.FederalDepositInsuranceCorp.,257F.3d373(4thCir.2001)Sutton v. United (US)Robinson v. GlobalCasesWainscott v. MedusaCases !USUS.,  __Cantrell_Ԁv.NashvilleElectricService,1999U.S.App.LEXIS1207(6thCir.1999)(unpublished)Robinson v. GlobalSpades v. CityCases | !USUS.,  _Smithv.CityofDesMoines,99F.3d1466(8thCir.1996)Smith v. City of Des MoinesCases !USUS.,  __Shiplett_Ԁv.Amtrak,1999U.S.App.LEXIS14004(6thCir.1999)(unpublished)Shiplett v. AmtrakCasesTexas Bus LinesCases p__EEOC_Ԁv.TexasBusLines,923F.Supp.965(S.D.Tex.1996) _Williamsv.ChannelMasterSatelliteSystems,Inc.,101F.3d346(4thCir.1996),cert.denied,  117S.Ct.1844(1997)Williams v. ChannelCasesEllisonCases __Milatz_Ԁv.FritoLay,Inc.,1997U.S.App.LEXIS599(10thCir.1997)(unpublished) U_Ellisonv.SoftwareSpectrum,Inc.,85F.3d187(5thCir.1996)Lowe v. Angelo'sCasesMilatzCases Y_Lowev.Angelo'sItalianFoods,Inc.,87F.3d1170(10thCir.1996) o__Cochrum_Ԁv.OldBenCoalCo.,102F.3d908(7thCir.1996)CochrumCasesWoodsRay v. GliddenCases E_Rayv.GliddenCo.,85F.3d227(5thCir.1996)Ray v. Glidden __Gutridge_Ԁv._Clure_,153F.3d898(8thCir.1998)GutridgeCasesAucutt v. Six FlagsCases __Aucutt_Ԁv.SixFlagsOverMidAmerica,Inc.,85F.3d1311,5ADCases902(8thCir.1996) !USUS.,  _Longv.Cityof_Leawood_,2000U.S.App.LEXIS273(10thCir.2000)(unpublished)Long v. CityCaseswood, 2000 U.S. App. LEXIS 273 (CasesHomeyerCases __Homeyer_Ԁv.Stanley_Tulchin_ԀAssociates,Inc.,91F.3d959(7thCir.1996)FehrCases v__Fehr_Ԁv.McLeanPackagingCorp.,860F.Supp.198(E.D.Pa.1994)PatrickCases _Patrickv.SouthernCompanyServices,910F.Supp.566(N.D.Ala.),_affd_,103F.3d149(11th  Cir.1996)Whillock !USUS.,  _Youngv.U.S.WestCommunications,Inc.,1998U.S.App.LEXIS31000(10thCir.  1998)(unpublished)Young v. U.S. WestCasesCantrell v. NashvilleCasesForeman v. Babcock !USUS.,  __Wainscott_Ԁv.Medusa,1999U.S.App.LEXIS6273(6thCir.1999)(unpublished)MobleyCases __Mobley_Ԁv.BoardofRegentsofUniversitySystemofGeorgia,924F.Supp.1179(S.D.Ga.1996)Johnson v. BoardmanCases |_Johnsonv._Boardman_ԀPetroleum,Inc.,923F.Supp.1563(S.D.Ga.1996)Holihan J_Webbv.MercyHospital,102F.3d958(8thCir.1996)Webb v. MercyCases C_Andrewsv.Ohio,104F.3d803(6thCir.1997)Andrews v. OhioCases v$USUS.,Ӏ  7    _Ԁ7/24/96InformalGuidanceletterfromClaireGonzales,DirectorofCommunicationsand  LegislativeAffairs. !USUS.,  __Tice_Ԁv._Centre_ԀAreaTransportationAuthority,247F.3d645 (3dCir.2001)KMiller v. City of SpringfieldCases l_Gibbsv.St.AnthonyHospital,1997U.S.App.LEXIS2362(10thCir.1997)(unpublished)Gibbs v. St. AnthonyCases `_Howardv.Navistar,1997U.S.App.LEXIS2069(7thCir.1997)(unpublished) !USUS.,  __Hoskins_Ԁv.OaklandCountySheriffsDepartment,227F.3d719(6thCir.2000)Howard v. NavistarCases x_Bridgesv.CityofBossier,92F.3d329(5thCir.1996),cert.denied,117S.Ct.770(1997)BridgesCasesHoward v. NavistarFaulkner v. ATCHoskins v. OaklandCases __Aucutt_Ԁv.SixFlagsOverMidAmerica,Inc.,869F.Supp.736(E.D.Mo.1994),_aff'd_,85F.3d  1311(8thCir.1996).AucuttCases _Castlev.Bentsen,867F.Supp.1(_D.D.C._Ԁ1994),_aff'd_,78F.3d654(D.C.Cir.1996)CastleCasesMullins v. CrowellCases !USUS.,  __EEOC_Ԁv.Sears,Roebuck&Co.,233F.3d432(7thCir.2000)Linser v. OhioMullins v. CrowellMullins v. Crowell !USUS.,  __Stoll_Ԁv.C.P.RailSystem,2000U.S.App.LEXIS27953(8thCir.2000)(unpublished) __Dumas_Ԁv._Keebler_ԀCo.,5ADCases69(M.D.Ga.1995),_affd_,98F.3d1354(11thCir.1996)DumasCases o__Demming_Ԁv.HousingAuthority,66F.3d950(8thCir.1995)DemmingCases !USUS.,  _Webbv._Choate_ԀMentalHealthandDevelopmentCenter,230F.3d991(7thCir.2000)Webb v. ChoateCases } !USUS.,  _Brownv.LuckyStores,246F.3d1182 (9thCir.2001) I_McDonaldv.Pennsylvania,62F.3d92(3dCir.1995)McDonaldCases  !USUS.,  _Adamsv.CitizensAdviceBureau,187F.3d315(2dCir.1999)Adams v. CitizensCases _Gaulv.AT&T,Inc.,955F.Supp.346(_D.N.J._Ԁ1997),_aff'd_,134F.3d576(3dCir.1998)Gaul v. AT&TCasesHill v. Kansas !USUS.,  _Dorenv.BattleCreekHealthSystem,187F.3d595(6thCir.1999) Q_Woodv.CountyofAlameda,5ADCases173(N.D.Cal.1995)Wood v. AlamedaCases !USUS.,  _Taylorv._Nimock_sOilCo.,214F.3d957(8thCir.2000)Taylor v. NimocksCases t__Rakestraw_Ԁv.CarpenterCo.,898F.Supp.386(N.D.Miss.1995)RakestrawCasesTardie v. RehabilitationI, !USUS.,  __Rebarchek_Ԁv.FarmersCooperativeElevatorandMercantileAssociation,2000U.S.App.LEXIS  277(10thCir.2000)(unpublished)Doane v. City of OmahaPrice v. Marathon CheeseCases R_Pricev.MarathonCheeseCorp.,119F.3d330(5thCir.1997)McKayCases __McKay_Ԁv.ToyotaMotorManufacturingUSA,878F.Supp.1012(E.D.Ky.1995),_aff'd_,110  F.3d369(6thCir.1997)Christian v. St. AnthonySoileauZirpel v. ToshibaCases __Bragdon_Ԁv.Abbott,524U.S.624,118_S.Ct_.2196(1998) !USUS.,  __Heintzelman_Ԁv.Runyon,120F.3d143(8thCir.1997)HeintzelmanCasesEEOC v. SearsCook __Zirpel_Ԁv.ToshibaAmericaInformationSystems,Inc.,111F.3d80(8thCir.1997)Zirpel v. ToshibaMartin v. LockheedCasesbi+am FileshgIDoren v. BattleCasesAvery v. Omaha __Kresge_Ԁv._Circuitek_,958F.Supp.223(E.D.Pa.1997) KresgeCasesBragdon v. AbbottCases M_Bestv.ShellOilCompany,107F.3d544(7thCir.1997) _Taylorv._Albertsons_,Inc.,1996U.S.App.LEXIS390(10thCir.1996)(unpublished) Taylor v. AlbertsonsCases __Burgard_Ԁv.Super_Valu_ԀHoldings,Inc.,1997U.S.App.LEXIS12228(10thCir.  1997)(unpublished)Burgard v. Super ValuCases !USUS.,  __Selenke_Ԁv.MedicalImagingofColorado,248F.3d1249 (10thCir.2001) !USUS.,  __EEOC_Ԁv._R.J._ԀGallagherCo.,181F.3d645(5thCir.1999)EEOC v. R.J. GCases d__Siemon_Ԁv.AT&T,113F.3d1175(10thCir.1997) n_Woodsv.TylerMountainCo.,Inc.,1996U.S.App.LEXIS288(8thCir.1996)(unpublished)WoodsCases __Dutcher_Ԁv._Ingalls_ԀShipbuilding,53F.3d723(5thCir.1995)DutcherCasesGaul v. AT&TEEOC v. R.J. GEEOC v. R.J. GMobleyPangalos v. Prudential (EEOC) _Minersv._Cargill_ԀCommunications,Inc.,113F.3d820(8thCir.),cert.denied,118S.Ct.441  (1997) __Heilweil_Ԁv.Mt.SinaiHospital,32F.3d718(2dCir.1994),cert.denied,513U.S.1147(1995)HeilweilCasesMiners v. CargillCasesMuller v. CostelloMuller v. Costello Best v. ShellCases5KrauelCases'Gilbert v. StorageCases _Gilbertv.StorageTechnologyCorp.,1996U.S.App.LEXIS26656(10thCir.  1996)(unpublished) e_Williamsv.KerrMcGee,1997U.S.App.LEXIS6366(10thCir.1997)(unpublished)(Williams v. Kerr-McGeeCases k_Wadev.GeneralMotorsCorp.,1998U.S.App.LEXIS22626(6thCir.1998)(unpublished)*Wade v. General MotorsCases !USUS.,  _Weberv._Strippit_,Inc.,186F.3d907(8thCir.1999) _Venturav.CityofIndependence,1997U.S.App.LEXIS4102(6thCir.)(unpublished),cert.  denied,1997U.S.LEXIS5377(1997),Weber v. StrippitCasesGreer v. Emerson r !USUS.,  _Mullerv.Costello,187F.3d298(2dCir.1999)Bragdon v. AbbottBragdon v. Abbott [_Andersonv.GusMayerBostonStore,924F.Supp.763(E.D.Tex.1996)3Anderson v. GusCases z__Krauel_Ԁv.IowaMethodistMedicalCenter,95F.3d674(8thCir.1996)Weber v. Strippit __Bentivegna_Ԁv.UnitedStatesDepartmentofLabor,694F.2d619,1ADCases403(9thCir.1982)7BentivegnaCases0Muller v. CostelloCasesFjellestad v. Pizza^PritchardCasesWild v. Minntech A_Kurtzv.NorthMiami,No.95545(Fl.1996)=KurtzCases u_Hartmanv.Cityof_Petaluma_,841F.Supp.946(N.D.Cal.1994)?HartmanCases n_Williamsv._Widnall_,79F.3d1003(10thCir.1996)AWilliamsCases __Ackridge_Ԁv.DepartmentofHumanServices,CityofPhiladelphia,3ADCases575(E.D.Pa.  1994)CAckridgeCases(.2$ !USUS.,  3|x{VonderheideCases __Chapsky_Ԁv.BaxterV._Mueuller_ԀDiv.,4ADCases1047(N.D.Ill.1995)Baert v. EuclidHChapskyCases __Wallin_Ԁv.MinnesotaDepartmentofCorrections,153F.3d681(8thCir.1998)KWallin v. MinnesotaCases o__Wilking_Ԁv.CountyofRamsey,153F.3d869(8thCir.1998)-VenturaCasesMWilkingCases _Waltonv.Cityof_Manassas_,1998U.S.App.LEXIS19169(4thCir.1998)(unpublished)MilesMcKay !USUS.,  _Wildv._Minntech_ԀCorp.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS19292(8thCir.1999)(unpublished)Miners v. CargillSWild v. MinntechCases R_Taylorv.U.S.PostalService,946F.2d1214(6thCir.1991)VTaylor v. U.S. PostalCases s__Haysman_Ԁv.FoodLion,Inc.,893F.Supp.1092(S.D.Ga.1995)XHaysmanCasesHaysmanTCassidy v. DetroitBurch v. Coca-Cola __Pritchard_Ԁv.SouthernCompanyServices,92F.3d1130(11thCir.1996),cert.denied,117S.Ct.  2453(1997) ]_Shaferv.PrestonMemorialHospitalCorp.,107F.3d274(4thCir.1997)_Shafer v. PrestonCases _SchoolBoardofNassauCountyv._Arline_,480U.S.273,1ADCases1026(1987)aSchool Board Cases Z_Stevensv.InlandWaters,Inc.,220Mich.App.212(Mich.App.1996)cStevens v. InlandCasesyForeman v. BabcockCases !USUS.,  _Suttonv._Lader_,185F.3d1203(11thCir.1999)fSutton v. LaderCases !USUS.,  __Otting_Ԁv._J.C._ԀPenneyCo.,223F.3d704(8thCir.2000) !USUS.,  __EEOC_Ԁv.BrowningFerris,2000U.S.App.LEXIS18273(4thCir.2000)(unpublished)Upage page chapter volume footnote endnote   })USUS.,  _X؏ XXX  XX؏    1  #{ =#  #XLX{\# -XXLow -  { @   #X؏ Xow##XLX XX؏# @   $h!X$ -XXLow - @ #X؏ Xow##XLX XX؏1# @    -XXLow -$ (#h!$Reprintedbypermission(#http://www.bnabooks.com/ababna/eeo/2002/fram.wpd#X؏ Xow##XLX XX؏#:XLXXXL#XLXX:XL#Taylor v. Phoenixville !USUS.,  __Innes_Ԁv._Mechatronics_,Inc.,1997U.S.App.LEXIS18000(9thCir.1997)(unpublished)oInnes v. MechatronicsCasesBurch v. Coca-ColaBurch v. Coca-ColaInnes v. Mechatronics  !USUS.,  _Mundov._Sanus_ԀHealthPlanofGreaterNewYork,966F.Supp.171(_E.D.N.Y._Ԁ1997)(electronic  publicationonly)tMundo v. SanusCases  !USUS.,  __Dewitt_Ԁv._Carsten_,941F.Supp.1232(N.D.Ga.1996),_aff'd_,122F.3d1079(11thCir.1997)vDewitt v. CarstenCasesBurch v. Coca-Cola _Foremanv.Babcock&WilcoxCo.,117F.3d800(5thCir.1997),cert.denied,1998U.S.LEXIS  963(1998)Burch v. Coca-Cola u_Robinsonv._Neodata_ԀServices,Inc.,94F.3d499(8thCir.1996){Robinson v. NeodataCases(.3$ !USUS.,   !USUS.,  _Cainv.AirborneExpress,1999U.S.App.LEXIS22437(6thCir.1999)(unpublished) !USUS.,  _Lambv.BellCountyCoalCorp.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS22201(6thCir.1999)(unpublished) !USUS.,  _Thompsonv.HolyFamilyHospital,121F.3d537(9thCir.1997) !USUS.,  _Stillv.Freeport_McMoran_,120F.3d50(5thCir.1997)Still v. FreeportCasesThompson v. Holy FamilyCases !USUS.,  _Hallv.ShelbyCounty,1997U.S.App.LEXIS21722(6thCir.1997)(unpublished)Hall v. Shelby CountyCasesP8page numberpage number         !USUS.,  _VanStanv.Fancy_Colours_Ԁ&Company,125F.3d563(7thCir.1997)Van Stan v. FancyCasesThompson v. Holy FamilyPWalton v. CityCasesGutridge _McIntoshv._Brookdale_ԀHospitalMedicalCenter,1997U.S.App.LEXIS27162(2dCir.  1997)(unpublished)McIntosh v. BrookdaleCases !USUS.,  __Halperin_Ԁv.AbacusTechnologyCorp.,128F.3d191(4thCir.1997)Halperin v. AbacusCases !USUS.,  __Gilday_Ԁv._Mecosta_ԀCounty,124F.3d760(6thCir.),amended,7ADCases1268(6thCir.1997)Gilday v. MecostaCasesHalperin v. Abacus __Szalay_Ԁv.YellowFreightSystem,Inc.,1997U.S.App.LEXIS28884(6thCir.  1997)(unpublished)Szalay v. YellowCases z !USUS.,  _Francisv.CityofMeriden,129F.3d281(2dCir.1997)Francis v. City of MeridenCases.3d 281 (2d Cir. 1CasesVentura !USUS.,  __Eyster_Ԁv.CityofLosAngeles,1997U.S.App.LEXIS33805(9thCir.1997)(unpublished)Eyster v. City of LosCasesFrancis v. City of Meriden !USUS.,  _Robertsv._Unidynamics_ԀCorp.,126F.3d1088(8thCir.1997)Hileman v. City of DallasCases !USUS.,  __Hileman_Ԁv.CityofDallas,115F.3d352(5thCir.1997)Roberts v. UnidynamicsCases  !USUS.,  _Pennyv.UnitedParcelService,128F.2d408(6thCir.1997)Penny v. United ParcelCases\Martinez v. City of RoyCases y_Codyv._CIGNA_ԀHealthcareofSt.Louis,139F.3d595(8thCir.1998)Penny v. United Parcel !USUS.,  __Kralik_Ԁv._Durbin_,130F.3d76(3dCir.1997)Kralik v. DurbinCasesVan Sickle v. AutomaticCases !USUS.,  __Mararri_Ԁv._WCI_ԀSteel,Inc.,130F.3d1180(6thCir.1997)Mararri v. WCI SteelCases !USUS.,  _VanSicklev.AutomaticDataProcessing,Inc.,1998U.S.App.LEXIS30104(6thCir.  1998)(unpublished) !USUS.,  _Snowv._Ridgeview_ԀMedicalCenter,128F.3d1201(8thCir.1997)Snow v. RidgeviewCasesDuda v. Board v_Davidsonv._Midelfort_ԀClinic,Ltd.,133F.3d499(7thCir.1998)Snow v. RidgeviewDavidson v. MidelfortCases, Ltd., 1998 U.S. App. CasesISherrod v. American AirlinesCasesU.S. App. LEXIS CasesSherrod v. American Airlines 1998 U.S. App. LEXIS Davidson v. Midelfort __Adamczyk_Ԁv.BaltimoreCounty,1998U.S.App.LEXIS1331(4thCir.1998)(unpublished)Sherrod v. American Airlines 1998 U.S. App. LEXIS Adamczyk v. BaltimoreCases _Jacksonv.AnalystInternationalCorporation,1998U.S.App.LEXIS1348(10thCir.  1998)(unpublished)Jackson v. AnalystCases x__Sarko_Ԁv.PennDelDirectoryCo.,968F.Supp.1026(E.D.Pa.1997)Sarko v. Penn-DelCasesJackson v. AnalystLamb v. BellCasesMcAlindin v. CountyArnold v. United Parcel _Ryanv._Grae_Ԁ&_Rybicki_,P.C.,135F.3d867(2dCir.1998)Ryan v. GraeCases s_Benedictv.EauClairePublicSchools,1998U.S.App.LEXIS2138(7thCir.1998)(unpublished)Benedict v. EauCasesRyan v. Grae ^_Olsonv.DubuqueCommunitySchoolDistrict,137F.3d609(8thCir.1998)Olson v. DubuqueCasesStandard v. ABELCases !USUS.,  _Standardv.ABELServices,Inc.,161F.3d1318(11thCir.1998)Cody v. CIGNACasesCody v. CIGNACody v. CIGNACody v. CIGNA b_Reevesv.JohnsonControlsWorldServices,Inc.,140F.3d144(2dCir.1998)Reeves v. JohnsonCasesiEEOC v. BrowningCaseshOtting v. J.C.CasesReeves v. JohnsonShipley v. City%2A`HelveticaLamb v. BellTaylor v. Phoenixville ~__Talamanda_Ԁv.KentuckyFriedChicken,Inc.,140F.3d1090(7thCir.1998)TalamandaCases _Christianv.St.AnthonyMedicalCenter,Inc.,117F.3d1051(7thCir.1997),cert.denied,1998  U.S.LEXIS1876(1998)Christian v. St. AnthonyCases u__Witter_Ԁv.DeltaAirLines,Inc.,138F.3d1366(11thCir.1998)Witter v. DeltaCases !USUS.,  __McAlindin_Ԁv.CountyofSanDiego,192F.3d1226(9thCir.1999) __Doane_Ԁv.CityofOmaha,115F.3d624(8thCir.1997),cert.denied,118S.Ct.693(1998)Doane v. City of OmahaCases _Hillv.BaltimoreCityDepartmentofSocialServices,1998U.S.App.LEXIS7772(4thCir.  1998)(unpublished)Hill v. Baltimore CityCasesHamilton v. SouthwesternCases !USUS.,  __Pryor_Ԁv._Trane_ԀCo.,138F.3d1024(5thCir.1998)Pryor v. TraneCases  !USUS.,  _Clinev.WalMartStores,Inc.,144F.3d294(4thCir.1998)Cline v. Wal-MartCasesPryor v. Trane h__Seaborn_Ԁv.Florida,143F.3d1405(11thCir.1998) S_Aldrichv.TheBoeingCompany,146F.3d1265(10thCir.1998)Aldrich v. The BoeingCasesCline v. Wal-Mart _Whitev.ResidentialServicesCorp.ofAmerica,1998U.S.App.LEXIS14996(9thCir.  1998)(unpublished)White v. ResidentialCasesSeaborn v. FloridaCases o__Skorup_Ԁv.ModernDoorCorp.,153F.3d512(7thCir.1998) !USUS.,  __Conley_Ԁv.VillageofBedfordPark,215F.3d703(7thCir.2000)Skorup v. ModernCases  !USUS.,  _Faulknerv._ATC_Ԁ_Vancom_ԀofNevadaLimitedPartnership,1999U.S.App.LEXIS31855(9th  Cir.1999)(unpublished) `_Hamiltonv.SouthwesternBellTelephoneCo.,136F.3d1047(5thCir.1998)McAlindin v. CountyCasesDeas v. River West !USUS.,  __Colwell_Ԁv.SuffolkCountyPoliceDepartment,158F.3d635(2dCir.1998)Colwell v. SuffolkCases !USUS.,  __Broussard_Ԁv.UniversityofCalifornia,192F.3d1252(9thCir.1999)Colwell v. Suffolk M_Mendozav.Borden,Inc.,158F.3d1171(11thCir.1998)Colwell v. SuffolkMendoza v. BordenCasesConley v. VillageCasesColwell v. Suffolk !USUS.,  _Thompsonv.St.JohnsUnifiedSchoolDistrict,2002U.S.App.LEXIS896(9thCir.  2002)(unpublished)McAlindin v. CountyMcAlindin v. County !USUS.,  _Perkinsv.St.LouisCountyWaterCo.,160F.3d446(8thCir.1998)Perkins v. St. LouisCases~Cain v. AirborneCasesBroussard v. UniversityCases  !USUS.,  __Wyland_Ԁv._Boddie_Ԅ_Noell_ԀEnterprises,Inc.,1998U.S.App.LEXIS29355(4thCir.  1998)(unpublished)Wyland v. BoddieCases { !USUS.,  _Workmanv.FritoLay,Inc.,165F.3d460(6thCir.1999) !USUS.,  _Bolav.CityofCleveland,1999U.S.App.LEXIS4906(6thCir.1999)(unpublished) !USUS.,  _Stevensv.CityofVallejo,1998U.S.App.LEXIS29567(9thCir.1998)(unpublished)Stevens v. CityCases !USUS.,  __Hilburn_Ԁv.MurataElectronics,181F.3d1220(11thCir.1999) Hilburn v. MurataCasesWorkman v. FritoCases h v$USUS.,Ӏ  2    _ԀEventhe_EEOC_Ԁhassaidthattheplaintiffmustdemonstratethattheimpairmentsubstantially  limitsamajorlifeactivity.See7/13/98InformalGuidanceletterfromChristopherJ._Kuczynski_,  AssistantLegalCounseltoSenatorJohnMcCain(theindividualclaimingADAprotection mustalsodemonstrate...thattheseimpairmentssubstantiallylimitoneormoremajorlifeactivities). !USUS.,  _Quintv._A.E._Ԁ_Staley_ԀManufacturing,Co.,172F.3d1(1stCir.1999) Quint v. A.E. StaleyCasesBola v. City of ClevelandCases !USUS.,  __Posey_Ԁv.E.I.Dupontde_Nemours_ԀandCo.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS4742(4thCir.  1999)(unpublished) !USUS.,  _Packv._Kmart_ԀCorp.,166F.3d1300(10thCir.1999)Pack v. KmartCases !USUS.,  __McDowell_Ԁv.FarmlandIndustries,Inc.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS9480(10thCir.  1999)(unpublished) !USUS.,  __Oblas_Ԁv.AmericanHomeAssuranceCo.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS23371(2dCir.  1999)(unpublished)Pack v. Kmart !USUS.,  _Poindexterv.Atchison,TopekaandSantaFeRailwayCo.,168F.3d1228(10thCir.1999)Poindexter v. AtchisonCasesNorsworthy v. The KrogerKrocka v. ChicagoPosey v. E.I. DupontCases } !USUS.,  _Richardsv.CityofTopeka,173F.3d1247(10thCir.1999)Richards v. City of TopekaCasesMcDowell v. FarmlandCasesBerg v. NorandCases !USUS.,  _Bergv._Norand_ԀCorp.,169F.3d1140(8thCir.1999)Vonderheide"Tardie v. RehabilitationCases !USUS.,  __Tardie_Ԁv.RehabilitationHospitalofRhodeIsland,168F.3d538(1stCir.1999) !USUS.,  __Tuten_Ԁv._Clariant_ԀCorp.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS4135(4thCir.1999)(unpublished)#Tuten v. ClariantCases !USUS.,  _Princev._Claussen_,1999U.S.App.LEXIS5021(10thCir.1999)(unpublished)%Prince v. ClaussenCasesTuten v. Clariant !USUS.,  __Lorubbio_Ԁv.OhioDepartmentofTransportation,1999U.S.App.LEXIS10916(6thCir.  1999)(unpublished) !USUS.,  _Berryv.CityofSavannah,1999U.S.App.LEXIS6278(6thCir.1999)(unpublished)Hilburn v. MurataOblas v. AmericanCasesssurance Co., 1999 U.S. AppCasesPrince v. Claussen)Berry v. City of SavannahCases !USUS.,  __Sorensen_Ԁv.UniversityofUtahHospital,194F.3d1084(10thCir.1999).Sorensen v. University Cases !USUS.,  _Nelsonv.WilliamsFieldServicesCo.,2000U.S.App.LEXIS13020(10thCir.  2000)(unpublished)(Lorubbio v. OhioCases !USUS.,  _Taylorv._Pathmark_ԀStores,Inc.,177F.3d180(3rdCir.1999)2Taylor v. PathmarkCases !USUS.,  __Zenor_Ԁv.ElPasoHealthcareSystem,Ltd.,176F.3d847(5thCir.1999)4Zenor v. El PasoCases y !USUS.,  _Watsonv.CityofMiami,177F.3d932(11thCir.1999)6Watson v. City of MiamiCases !USUS.,  __EEOC_Ԁv.UnitedAirlines,1999U.S.App.LEXIS13347(10thCir.1999)(unpublished) !USUS.,  _Westv.CentralValleyRegionalCenter,Inc.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS11067(9thCir.  1999)(unpublished)EEOC v. United Airlines`SweetCases9West v. CentralCases8EEOC v. United AirlinesCases m !USUS.,  _Ivyv.Jones,192F.3d514(5thCir.1999)Fjellestad v. Pizza !USUS.,  __Gorbitz_Ԁv._Corvilla_,Inc.,196F.3d879(7thCir.1999)  v$USUS.,Ӏ  3    _ԀThisdecisionreversedthevastmajorityofcourtdecisionsonthisissueandrejectedthe  positionsofthe_hhEEOC_hhԀandtheDepartmentofJustice,whichstatedthattheeffectsofmedicationorprostheticdevicesareirrelevantindeterminingwhethersomeone'simpairmentsubstantiallylimitsamajorlifeactivity.See,e.g.,  Arnoldv.UnitedParcelService,Inc.,135F.3d1089(1st t Cir.1998)(diabetes); p Taylorv._hhPhoenixville_hhԀSchoolDistrict,174F.3d142(3rdCir.1999)(mental ` disability)(decisionvacated);_hh K _hhWashingtonv._hhHCA_hhԀHealthServicesofTexas,152F.3d464(5th L  Cir.1998)(adultstilldisease);_hh R _hh_hhBaert_hhԀv.EuclidBeverage,Ltd.,149F.3d626(7thCir. 8  1998)(diabetes);  _hhDoane_hhԀv.CityofOmaha,115F.3d624(8thCir.1997),cert.denied,118S.Ct. $ t 693(1998)(monocularvision);_hh ( _hh_hhHolihan_hhԀv.LuckyStores,Inc.,87F.3d362(9thCir.1996),cert.  ` denied,117S.Ct.1349(1997); X Harrisv.H&WContractingCo.,102F.3d516(11thCir.  L  1996)(Gravesdisease).0Nelson v. WilliamsCases !USUS.,  _Sullivanv.RiverValleySchoolDistrict,197F.3d804(6thCir.1999)>Ivy v. JonesCases@Gorbitz v. CorvillaCasesDavoll v. Webb !USUS.,  __Belk_Ԁv.SouthwesternBellTelephoneCo.,194F.3d946(8thCir.1999) !USUS.,  _Suttonv.UnitedAirLines,Inc.,527U.S.471,119_S.Ct_.2139(1999)HSutton v. United (US)CasesSutton v. United (US)LWashington v. HCACases ~_Washingtonv._HCA_ԀHealthServicesofTexas,152F.3d464(5thCir.1998)CSullivan v. RiverCasesGBelk v. SouthwesternCases !USUS.,  _Bartlettv.NewYorkStateBoardofLawExaminers,226F.3d69(2dCir.2000)OBartlett v. New YorkCases !USUS.,  __Shipley_Ԁv.CityofUniversityCity,195F.3d1020(8thCir.1999)SBaert v. EuclidCases r__Baert_Ԁv.EuclidBeverage,Ltd.,149F.3d626(7thCir.1998)QShipley v. CityCases !USUS.,  __Janssen_Ԁv._COBE_ԀLaboratories,Inc.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS30586(10thCir.  1999)(unpublished)UJanssen v. COBECases !USUS.,  __Heyman_Ԁv.QueensVillageCommitteeforMentalHealth,198F.3d68(2dCir.1999)YHarris v. H&WCases R_Harrisv.H&WContractingCo.,102F.3d516(11thCir.1996)WHeyman v. QueensCasesHuckans v. U.S. PostalRebarchek v. FarmersCasesHeyman v. Queens !USUS.,  __Beaulieu_Ԁv.NorthropGrummanCorp.,2001U.S.App.LEXIS27101(9thCir.  2001)(unpublished)^Beaulieu v. NorthropCases |_Sweetv.ElectronicDataSystems,Inc.,5ADCases853(_S.D.N.Y._Ԁ1996) !USUS.,  _Kelloggv.UnionPacificRailroadCo.,233F.3d1083(8thCir.2000)Faulkner v. ATCCases !USUS.,  __Jowers_Ԁv._GTE_ԀCaliforniaInc.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS31560(9thCir.1999)(unpublished) !USUS.,  __Huckans_Ԁv.U.S.PostalService,1999U.S.App.LEXIS30755(10thCir.1999)(unpublished)dHuckans v. U.S. PostalCasescJowers v. GTECasesaKellogg v. UnionCasesSchneiker v. Fortis !USUS.,  _Vegav.AdultProbationDept.ofCookCounty,1999U.S.App.LEXIS34579(7thCir.  1999)(unpublished) !USUS.,  __Schneiker_Ԁv.FortisInsuranceCo.,200F.3d1055(7thCir.2000)jSchneiker v. FortisCasesThompson v. St. JohnsCasesiVega v. AdultCasesRebarchek v. FarmerspBarzen v. CarlsonCases !USUS.,  __Barzen_Ԁv.CarlsonCos.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS3605(8thCir.1999)(unpublished) !USUS.,  __Liggins_Ԁv.OhioBureauofWorkersCompensation,2000U.S.App.LEXIS1938(6thCir.  2000)(unpublished)qLiggins v. OhioCasesKrocka v. Chicago !USUS.,  _Martinezv._Pacificorp_,2000U.S.App.LEXIS8542(10thCir.2000)(unpublished)Long v. CitytMartinez v. PacificorpCases !USUS.,  __Lucido_Ԁv._Compreview_,Inc.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS34128(9thCir.1999)(unpublished)wLucido v. CompreviewCases !USUS.,  __Krocka_Ԁv.Chicago,203F.3d507(7thCir.2000) !USUS.,  _Keithv.Ashland,Inc.,2000U.S.App.LEXIS1940(6thCir.2000)(unpublished) !USUS.,  __Boerst_Ԁv.GeneralMillsOperations,Inc.,2002U.S.App.LEXIS813(6thCir.  2002)(unpublished)zKeith v. AshlandCases{Boerst v. GeneralCases !USUS.,  _Smokev.WalMartStores,Inc.,2000U.S.App.LEXIS2478(10thCir.2000)(unpublished)~Smoke v. Wal-MartCases !USUS.,  __Streifel_Ԁv.DakotaBoysRanch,2000U.S.App.LEXIS9170(8thCir.2000)(unpublished)Keith v. AshlandyKrocka v. ChicagoCases !USUS.,  _Wilsonv.AshlandHospitalCorp.,2000U.S.App.LEXIS3565(6thCir.2000)(unpublished)Krocka v. ChicagoWilson v. AshlandCases !USUS.,  __Minnix_Ԁv.Cityof_Chillicothe_,2000U.S.App.LEXIS2099(6thCir.2000)(unpublished)Minnix v. City of ChillicotheCasesSmoke v. Wal-Mart !USUS.,  _Wrightv.IllinoisDepartmentofCorrections,204F.3d727(7thCir.2000)Wright v. IllinoisCases !USUS.,  _Plantv.MortonInternational,Inc.,212F.3d929(6thCir.2000) !USUS.,  _Schaeferv.StateInsuranceFund,207F.3d139(2dCir.2000)Taylor v. Nimocks !USUS.,  __Deppe_Ԁv.UnitedAirlines,217F.3d1262(9thCir.2000)  v$USUS.,Ӏ  6    _1/11/00and10/5/99InformalGuidancelettersfromfromChristopherJ._Kuczynski_,  AssistantLegalCounsel. !USUS.,  __Danielson_Ԁv._Calenergy_ԀCo.,Inc.,2000U.S.App.LEXIS2806(9thCir.2000)(unpublished)Danielson v. CalenergyCasesSchaefer v. StateCases !USUS.,  __Sinkler_Ԁv.MidwestProperty,209F.3d678(7thCir.2000)Sinkler v. MidwestCasesPlant v. MortonCases !USUS.,  _Pewv.TheEvangelicalLutheranGoodSamaritanSociety,Inc.,2000U.S.App.LEXIS4058  (9thCir.2000)(unpublished)Pew v. The EvangelicalCasesPlant v. MortonSchaefer v. State !USUS.,  __McInnis_Ԁv.AlamoCommunityCollegeDistrict,207F.3d276(5thCir.2000)McInnis v. AlamoCasesDeppe v. UnitedCasesSinkler v. MidwestStreifel v. DakotaCases !USUS.,  __Harshbarger_Ԁv.SierraPacificCompany,2002U.S.App.LEXIS796(9thCir.2002)(unpublished)Martinez v. PacificorpHarshbarger v. SierraCases !USUS.,  _Russellv.ClarkCountySchoolDistrict,2000U.S.App.LEXIS17460(9thCir.  2000)(unpublished)Streifel v. DakotaClemente v. ExecutiveClemente v. Executive !USUS.,  __Marinelli_Ԁv.CityofErie,216F.3d354(3dCir.2000)Baffoe v. W.H.Boerst v. GeneralPlant v. MortonGutridgeDoyal v. OklahomaClemente v. Executive !USUS.,  _Clementev.ExecutiveAirlines,Inc.,213F.3d25(1stCir.2000)Clemente v. ExecutiveCasesColwell v. Suffolk !USUS.,  __Doyal_Ԁv.OklahomaHeart,Inc.,213F.3d492(10thCir.2000)Doyal v. OklahomaCasesBaffoe v. W.H.Cases !USUS.,  __Baffoe_Ԁv._W.H._ԀStewartCo.,2000U.S.App.LEXIS7531(10thCir.2000)(unpublished)Prince v. ClaussenSorensen v. University Faulkner v. ATCShepler v. NorthwestCases !USUS.,  __Shepler_Ԁv.NorthwestOhioDevelopmentalCenter,2000U.S.App.LEXIS1954(6thCir.  2000)(unpublished)Marinelli v. CityCases !USUS.,  _Moorev._J.B._ԀHuntTransport,Inc.,221F.3d944(7thCir.2000)Boerst v. GeneralCasper v. GuniteMoore v. J.B.CasesDeppe v. United !USUS.,  _RegionalEconomicCommunityActionProgram,Inc.v.CityofMiddletown,2002U.S.App.  LEXIS1769(2dCir.2002)Marinelli v. CityMarinelli v. City !USUS.,  __Bekker_Ԁv.HumanaHealthPlan,Inc.,229F.3d662(7thCir.2000)Williams v. ToyotaCases !USUS.,  _Lawv.Cityof_Scottsville_,2000U.S.App.LEXIS14512(6thCir.2000)(unpublished)Law v. CityCases !USUS.,  _Williamsv.ToyotaMotorManufacturing,218F.3d609(6thCir.2000) !USUS.,  __Marcum_Ԁv.Consolidated_Freightways_,2000U.S.App.LEXIS(6thCir.2000)(unpublished)Regional EconomicCasesMoore v. J.B.Moore v. J.B.  v$USUS.,Ӏ  4    _ԀInterestingly,in  Moorev._J.B._ԀHuntTransport,Inc.,221F.3d944(7thCir.2000),thecourt  seemedtosuggestthatjobs notutilizingsimilarskillsandtrainingisirrelevant.Inthiscase,theplaintiffclaimedthathisarthritissubstantiallylimitedhiminworkingbecausehewasrestrictedfromexposuretocoldordampenvironments.Hearguedthathewasprecluded fromawiderangeofjobsincludingconstructiontrades,farmwork,streetmaintenance,maildelivery,andbutchery.Thecourt,however,heldthathehadnotpresentedsufficientevidenceofasubstantiallimitationbecausehedidnotshowthathewas qualifiedtoperformthesejobsorwouldpursueemploymentintheseareasintheabsenceofhisarthriticcondition.Moore v. J.B.Russell v. ClarkCases !USUS.,  _Burnsv.CocaColaEnterprises,Inc.,222F.3d247(6thCir.2000) !USUS.,  _Casperv._Gunite_ԀCorp.,2000U.S.App.LEXIS16241(7thCir.2000)(unpublished)Casper v. GuniteCasesBurns v. Coca-ColaCases !USUS.,  _Dixonv.RegentsoftheUniversityofNewMexico,2000U.S.App.LEXIS25139(10thCir.  2000)(unpublished)Depaoli v. AbbottCases r__Depaoli_Ԁv.AbbottLaboratories,140F.3d668(7thCir.1998)Wellington v. LyonCases !USUS.,  _Wellingtonv.LyonCountySchoolDistrict,187F.3d1150(9thCir.1999)Snyder v. FrysCasesLinser v. Ohio !USUS.,  _Gonzalesv.NationalBoardofMedicalExaminers,225F.3d620(6thCir.2000)Gonzales v. NationalCasesOtting v. J.C.Bartlett v. New York !USUS.,  _McGuirev.DobbsInternationalServices,Inc.,2000U.S.App.LEXIS18611(9thCir.  2000)(unpublished)McGuire v. DobbsCasesMarcum v. ConsolidatedCases !USUS.,  __Schumacher_Ԁv.GeneralSecurityServicesCorp.,2000U.S.App.LEXIS22395(9thCir.  2000)(unpublished)Schumacher v. GeneralCases !USUS.,  _Snyderv.FrysFoodStoresofArizona,Inc.,1999U.S.App.LEXIS29782(9thCir.  1999)(unpublished)Bekker v. HumanaCases x !USUS.,  _Cashv.AlabamaPower,231F.3d1301(11thCir.2000)Gonzales v. NationalBartlett v. New York !USUS.,  __Nowlin_Ԁv._Kmart_ԀCorp.,2000U.S.App.LEXIS26820(10thCir.2000)(unpublished) ) v$USUS.,Ӏ  1    _Ԁ ThefollowingpapercontainsexcerptsfromRESOLVINGADAWORKPLACE  QUESTIONS:HowCourtsandEnforcementAgenciesareCurrentlyDealingwithEvolving  EmploymentIssues(TwelfthEditionpublicationdate:April2002).Nothinginthispaperis  legaladvicefromMr._Fram_Ԁor_NELI_.  x EEOC v. SearsCases !USUS.,  __Hein_Ԁv.AllAmericaPlywoodCo.,232F.3d482(6thCir.2000)Cash v. AlabamaCases h E'USUS.,  _{XX ExcerptsfromResolvingADAWorkplaceQuestions_NELI_Ԁ(TwelfthEditionpublicationdate:4/2002).For  informationortoorderacopy,pleasecall3038615600. #XLX{=#Dixon v. RegentsCases Linser v. OhioCases !USUS.,  __Moysis_Ԁv.DTG_Datanet_,2002U.S.App.LEXIS1189(8thCir.2002)Linser v. Ohio   Linser v. OhioHein v. All AmericaCasesAnderson v. North Dakota !USUS.,  __Chanda_Ԁv._Engelhard_/ICC,234F.3d1219(11thCir.2000)Chanda v. EngelhardCasesKellogg v. UnionStoll v. C.P.CasesThornton v. McClatchy !USUS.,  _Andersonv.NorthDakotaStateHospital,232F.3d634(8thCir.2000)Anderson v. North DakotaCases !USUS.,  __Betts_Ԁv.TheRectorandVisitorsoftheUniversityofVirginia,2001U.S.App.LEXIS19982(4th  Cir.2001)(unpublished)BorgialliCases !USUS.,  __Contreras_Ԁv._Suncast_ԀCorp.,237F.3d756(7thCir.2001)Contreras v. SuncastCases !USUS.,  __Durley_Ԁv._APAC_,Inc.,236F.3d651(11thCir.2000)Durley v. APACCases !USUS.,  __Amadio_Ԁv.FordMotorCompany,238F.3d919(7thCir.2001)Amadio v. FordCasesEEOC v. Sara Lee Corp. !USUS.,  __Lusk_Ԁv.RyderIntegratedLogistics,238F.3d1237(10thCir.2001)Lusk v. RyderCases !USUS.,  _Tonev.U.S.PostalService,2000U.S.App.LEXIS31866(2dCir.2000)(unpublished)Tone v. U.S. PostalCasesContreras v. SuncastLusk v. Ryder !USUS.,  _Humphreyv.MemorialHospitalsAssociation,239F.3d1128(9thCir.2001)Lusk v. Ryder Humphrey v. MemorialCases !USUS.,  __Dupre_Ԁv.CharterBehavioralHealthSystemsofLafayette,242F.3d610(5thCir.2001) !USUS.,  _Potterv.XeroxCorp.,2001U.S.App.LEXIS329(2dCir.2001)(unpublished)Potter v. XeroxCases z !USUS.,  _Rossv.CampbellSoupCo.,237F.3d701(6thCir.2001)Ross v. CampbellCasesEnnisCases __Ennis_Ԁv.NationalAssociationofBusinessandEduc.Radio,53F.3d55(4thCir.1995) !USUS.,  _Sneadv.MetropolitanProperty&CasualtyInsuranceCo.,237F.3d1080(9thCir.2001)Snead v. MetropolitanCases !USUS.,  _Parryv.MohawkMotorsofMichigan,236F.3d299(6thCir.2000)Parry v. MohawkCasesDupre v. CharterCasesSteele v. ThiokolDupre v. Charter !USUS.,  _SinclairWilliamsv.Stark,2001U.S.App.LEXIS5367(6thCir.2001)(unpublished)Giles v. G.E.Giles v. G.E. !USUS.,  _Doev.Countyof_Centre_,242F.3d437(3dCir.2001)%Steele v. ThiokolCasesDupre v. Charter !USUS.,  _Mellonv.FederalExpressCorp.,239F.3d954(8thCir.2001)#Mellon v. FederalCases !USUS.,  _Steelev._Thiokol_ԀCorp.,241F.3d1248(10thCir.2001) Doe v. County of CentreCasesDoe v. County of CentreRegional EconomicSteele v. Thiokol !USUS.,  __Foore_Ԁv.CityofRichmond,2001U.S.App.LEXIS4532(4thCir.2001)(unpublished)*Foore v. CityCases !USUS.,  __EEOC_Ԁv.RockwellInternationalCorp.,243F.3d1012(7thCir.2001),EEOC v. RockwellCasesSinclair WilliamsCasesLawson v. CSXSinclair Williams !USUS.,  _McKenziev._Dovala_,242F.3d967(10thCir.2001)1McKenzie v. DovalaCasesDuncan v. WashingtonMcKenzie v. DovalaFoore v. CityMcKenzie v. Dovala !USUS.,  _Lawsonv._CSX_ԀTransportation,245F.3d916(7thCir.2001) !USUS.,  _Duncanv.WashingtonMetropolitanAreaTransitAuthority,240F.3d1110(D.C.Cir.2001)8Duncan v. WashingtonCases(9 Z6Times New Roman Regular7Lawson v. CSXCasesDuncan v. Washington !USUS.,  _Hallv._Claussen_,2001U.S.App.LEXIS3404(10thCir.2001)(unpublished)=Hall v. ClaussenCasesMoysis v. DTGCasesHall v. ClaussenBrown v. LuckyCasesLawson v. CSX !USUS.,  __EEOC_Ԁv._J.H._Ԁ_Routh_ԀPackingCo.,246F.3d850 (6thCir.2001)CEEOC v. J.H. RouthCasesLawson v. CSXLawson v. CSXTice v. CentreCasesLHooven-LewisCases !USUS.,  _Hendersonv._ARDCO_,Inc.,247F.3d645 (6thCir.2001)JHenderson v. ARDCOCases !USUS.,  __Hooven_-Lewisv.Caldera,249F.3d259 (4thCir.2001) !USUS.,  __Heiman_Ԁv.UnitedParcelService,2001U.S.App.LEXIS5432(10thCir.2001)(unpublished)MHeiman v. UnitedCases 3 v$USUS.,Ӏ  8    _Ԁ8/6/01InformalGuidanceLetterfromSharon_Rennert_,SeniorAttorneyAdvisor(notingthat  theADA isnotintendedtodiscourageemployersfromassistingemployeesinanefforttofostergoodrelations,improvemoraleandavoidconfrontationandlitigation.Theseobjectiveswouldbeunderminedif regardedascoveragecouldresultsolelyfromanemployerprovidingaccommodation.).Lawson v. CSXEEOC v. TownSCooper v. OlinCases !USUS.,  _Cooperv._Olin_ԀCorp.,246F.3d1083 (8thCir.2001)Hooven-LewisHenderson v. ARDCO^DeforrestCasesXDeforrestCases __Deforrest_Ԁv.StanleySmithSecurity,Inc.,AppellateCaseNo.A072441(OnAppealtoCalifornia  CourtofAppealFirstAppellateDistrict)\DeforrestCases !USUS.,  __EEOC_Ԁv.Town&CountryToyota,2001U.S.App.LEXIS6425(4thCir.2001)(unpublished)ZEEOC v. TownCases __Deforrest_Ԁv.StanleySmithSecurity,Inc.,AppellateCaseNo.A072441(OnAppealtoCalifornia  CourtofAppealFirstAppellateDistrict)Davidson v. Midelfort __Deforrest_Ԁv.StanleySmithSecurity,Inc.,AppellateCaseNo.A072441(OnAppealtoCalifornia  CourtofAppealFirstAppellateDistrict) !USUS.,  __Satterly_Ԁv.BordenChemical,Inc.,2001U.S.App.LEXIS26650(6thCir.2001)(unpublished)aDeforrestCases __Deforrest_Ԁv.StanleySmithSecurity,Inc.,AppellateCaseNo.A072441(OnAppealtoCalifornia  CourtofAppealFirstAppellateDistrict)_Satterly v. BordenCasesChenoweth v. HillsboroughChenoweth v. HillsboroughSelenke v. MedicalCases !USUS.,  _Lesleyv.HeeMan_Chie_,M.D.,250F.3d47 (1stCir.2001)fLesley v. HeeCases !USUS.,  _Lucasv.MiamiCounty,2001U.S.App.LEXIS8926(10thCir.2001)(unpublished) !USUS.,  __Somers_Ԁv.CityofMinneapolis,245F.3d782(8thCir.2001)iSomers v. CityCases !USUS.,  __Chenoweth_Ԁv.HillsboroughCounty,250F.3d1328 (11thCir.2001)kChenoweth v. HillsboroughCasesChenoweth v. HillsboroughhLucas v. MiamiCases !USUS.,  _Johnsonv.ParadiseValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrict,251F.3d1222 (9thCir.2001)oJohnson v. ParadiseCasesBetts v. The RectorCasesLucas v. Miami !USUS.,  _Whitneyv.Greenberg,Rosenblatt,Kull&_Bitsoli_,258F.3d30(1stCir.2001) !USUS.,  __Haulbrook_Ԁv.MichelinNorthAmerica,252F.3d696 (4thCir.2001)uHaulbrook v. MichelinCasesToyota MotortWhitney v. GreenbergCases !USUS.,  __McKellips_Ԁv.FifePublicSchoolDistrict,2001U.S.App.LEXIS17172(9thCir.  2001)(unpublished)Haulbrook v. MichelinStephenson v. UnitedHaulbrook v. Michelin !USUS.,  _Emersonv.NorthernStatesPowerCo.,256F.3d506(7thCir.2001)~Emerson v. NorthernCases !USUS.,  _Torresv.WhitehallLaboratories,251F.3d236(1stCir.2001)Torres v. WhitehallCasesRhoads v. FederalCasesyMcKellips v. FifeCasesHomeyerTorres v. WhitehallBrunko v. MercyMcKellips v. Fife !USUS.,  __Schapiro_Ԁv.NewYorkCityDepartmentofHealth,2001U.S.App.LEXIS27394(2dCir.  2001)(unpublished) !USUS.,  __EEOC_Ԁv._Woodbridge_ԀCorp.,263F.3d812(8thCir.2001)Schapiro v. New YorkCases !USUS.,  _Hayesv.UPS,Inc.,2001U.S.App.LEXIS19096(6thCir.2001)(unpublished)Hayes v. UPSCasesEEOC v. WoodbridgeCases !USUS.,  _Coxv._Civista_ԀMedicalCenter,2001U.S.App.LEXIS17625(4thCir.2001)(unpublished) !USUS.,  _Davisv.UniversityofNorthCarolina,263F.3d95(4thCir.2001)Davis v. UniversityCasesDavis v. University !USUS.,  _Navarrov._Pfizer_,261F.3d90(1stCir.2001)Navarro v. PfizerCasesCox v. CivistaCases !USUS.,  __Brunko_Ԁv.MercyMedicalCenter,Inc.,260F.3d939(8thCir.2001)Brunko v. MercyCasesRhoads v. Federal !USUS.,  __Daye_Ԁv.SchoolBoardoftheCityofNorfolk,2001U.S.App.LEXIS19985(4thCir.  2001)(unpublished)DeforrestCasesDaye v. SchoolCasesBetts v. The Rector !USUS.,  _Thorntonv._McClatchy_ԀNewspapers,Inc.,261F.3d789(9thCir.2001)Thornton v. McClatchyCases !USUS.,  _RiveraRodriguezv.FritoLaySnacksCaribbean,265F.3d15(1stCir.2001)Rivera-RodriguezCases !USUS.,  _ToyotaMotorManufacturing,Kentucky,Inc.v.Williams,2002U.S.LEXIS400(2002)Toyota Motor __Deforrest_Ԁv.StanleySmithSecurity,Inc.,AppellateCaseNo.A072441(OnAppealtoCalifornia  CourtofAppealFirstAppellateDistrict)Thornton v. McClatchy !USUS.,  _Gayerv.ContinentalAirlines,Inc.,2001U.S.App.LEXIS21654(6thCir.2001)(unpublished) !USUS.,  _Giordanov.CityofNewYork,2001U.S.App.LEXIS27137(2dCir.2001)Giordano v. CityCases !USUS.,  __Gelabert_Ԅ_Ladenheim_Ԁv.AmericanAirlines,252F.3d54(1stCir.2001)Gelabert-LadenheimCasesToyota MotorCases !USUS.,  _Swansonv.UniversityofCincinnati,268F.3d307(6thCir.2001)Swanson v. UniversityCasesHaines v. BethlehemSwanson v. UniversityWeber v. TitanToyota MotorToyota MotorGayer v. ContinentalCases  !USUS.,  _0XoXXX_Horwitz_Ԁv.L&G_Stickley_,Inc.,2001U.S.App.LEXIS21866(2dCir.2001)(unpublished)#XoXX0Xo=#Horwitz v. L&GCases !USUS.,  _Furnishv._SVI_ԀSystems,Inc.,270F.3d445(7thCir.2001)Furnish v. SVICasesNawrot v. CPCToyota Motor !USUS.,  _Conantv.Cityof_Hibbing_,271F.3d782(8thCir.2001)Conant v. CityCases !USUS.,  _Tanv.KaiserHarborCityMedicalCenter,2001U.S.App.LEXIS26053(9thCir.  2001)(unpublished)Tan v. KaiserCases !USUS.,  __Nawrot_Ԁv._CPC_ԀInternational,2002U.S.App.LEXIS425(7thCir.2002)Nawrot v. CPCCases !USUS.,  _m   `     h    @$ $ ADAUpdate:DevelopmentsAffecting $ t @Definitionof"Disability"_ Y  1      _Ԉ <     `     h      p    `     h      p      x @a a PreparedfortheABAEEOCommittee@rr!MidWinterMeeting@UU#March23,2002   `     h   DavidK._Fram_   `     h   Director,ADAandEEOServices   `     h   NationalEmploymentLawInstitute  (   @==#7 @@""TableofContents   8LXdXXd8O   (  (V0     "Disability"Issues#Z#Z#K#.v v ###1(Vr݌ x  Ќ      0  0` ##0 ` #` # `   AboutThisPaper#Z#Z#K#.$ # ##1 4݌ o  Ќ      0  0` ##0 ` #` # `   IntroductionandBackground#Z#Z#K#./ # ##1 ݌ f  Ќ      0  0` ##0 ` #` # `   WhetherIndividualHasanImpairment#Z#Z#K#.8 # ##1  ݌ ]  Ќ      0  0` ##0 ` #` # `   WhetheraMajorLifeActivityisEvenAffected#Z#Z#K#.B # ##4  ݌ T   Ќ       0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   ControversyAboutWhichLifeActivitiesareConsideredMajorLife K  Activities#Z#Z#K#.(###4   ݌ B  Ќ      U 0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   WhetherImpairmentMustActuallyAffectIndividual'sAbilitytoWorkinOrdertobeCoveredUnderADA#Z#Z#K#.xx;###8 U p ݌ 0  Ќ       0  0` ##0 ` #` # `   WhetherImpairmentisSubstantiallyLimiting#Z#Z#K#.@ # ##9  ݌ 'w  Ќ      ͨ 0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   Meaningof"SubstantiallyLimits"#Z#Z#K#.pp:###9 ͨ ݌ n Ќ      ʹ0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   Plaintiff'sBurdentoPresentEvidenceofSubstantialLimitation#""J#.Y###16 ʹ݌ e Ќ      0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   ShortTermConditions#""J#..###20 ݌  \ Ќ      0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   WhetherMedication/ProstheticDevicesShouldbeTakenintoAccountWhenAnalyzingSubstantialLimitation#""J#.C###24 ݌ J Ќ      ;0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   MedicationastheCauseoftheSubstantialLimitation#""J#.N###25 ;V݌ A Ќ      b0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   SubstantialLimitationinOrdertoPreventRecurrenceofCondition#""J#. [###26 b}݌ 8 Ќ      ͐0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   Whether"Mutability"oftheConditionisRelevant#""J#.J###27 ͐݌ / Ќ      ͭ0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   WhetherIndividualisSubstantiallyLimitedinMajorLifeActivityofWorking#""J#.%###28 ͭ݌  Ќ   W   W0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #0h##    InabilitytoPerformaClassofJobsorBroadRangeofJobs#""J#. Yh#h##29 W݌  Ќ   W   W'0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #0h##    PlaintiffsBurdentoPresentEvidenceofClass/BroadRangeofJobs #""J#.hh#h#h##30 W'B݌̌   W   Wg0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #0h##    WhatisaClass/BroadRangeofJobs?#""J#.Bh#h##35 Wg݌  Ќ   W   W0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #0h##    WhetherInabilitytoWorkforOneSupervisorisaClass/BroadRangeofJobs#""J#.0h#h##41 W݌ ! Ќ   W   W0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #0h##    WhetherInabilitytoWorkinaParticularBuildingisaClass/BroadRangeofJobs#""J#.0h#h##42 W݌ #  Ќ   W   W'0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #0h##    Whether,inExaminingSubstantialLimitationinWorking,CourtwillExamineJobsIndividualCanPerformorMerelyThose s% " JobsIndividualCannotPerform#""J#.ffAh#h##42 W'B݌ j&!# Ќ      0  0` ##0 ` #` # `   WhetherParticularConditionsareDisabilities#""J#.B # ##48 ݌ a'"$ Ќ      0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   AIDS#""J#. ###48 ݌ X(#% Ќ       0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   InsulinDependentDiabetes#""J#.nn3###49  ݌ O)$& Ќ      !0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   NicotineAddiction#""J#.+###50 !!݌ F*%' Ќ      "0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   Obesity#""J#.   ###51 ""݌  Ќ      #0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   DrugAbuse#""J#.####52 ##݌  Ќ      $0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   Alcoholism#""J#.^^####52 $$݌  Ќ      Ͷ%0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   Infertility#""J#.$###54 Ͷ%%݌  Ќ      ͭ&0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   PregnancyandPregnancyRelatedImpairments#""J#.D###55 ͭ&&݌  Ќ      '0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   CarpalTunnelSyndrome#""J#./###56 ''݌   Ќ      (0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   Cancer#""J#. ###57 ((݌ z  Ќ      ͸)0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   MonocularVision#""J#.ll)###57 ͸))݌ q  Ќ      ʹ*0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   InabilitytoCommute/Drive#""J#.hh3###58 ʹ**݌ h  Ќ      ͺ+0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   InabilitytoLift#""J#.||*###58 ͺ++݌ _   Ќ      ͷ,0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   RestrictionsinBreathing#""J#.2###60 ͷ,,݌ V  Ќ      ͼ-0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   MultipleChemicalSensitivity#""J#.  6###61 ͼ--݌ M  Ќ      .0  0` ##0 ` #` # `   SpecialConsiderationsin"RecordOf"Cases#""J#.vv? # ##62 ..݌ D  Ќ      /0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   WhetherEmployer'sKnowledgeofMedicalConditionisRelevantin RecordofCases#""J#./###65 //݌ 2  Ќ       10  0` ##0 ` #` # `   SpecialConsiderationsin"RegardedAs"Cases#""J#.<<A # ##66  1'1݌ )y Ќ      20  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   Categoriesof"RegardedAs"Cases#""J#.:###66 2,2݌  p Ќ      30  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   No RegardedasDiscriminationWhereEmployerEncouragedEmployeetoWork#""J#.%###67 393݌ ^ Ќ      Z40  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   Employer'sKnowledgeofImpairmentasKeyPieceof RegardedAsEvidence#""J#.&###69 Z4u4݌ L Ќ      ͕50  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   WhetherIndividualMustbeRegardedasHavinganImpairmentThatTrulyWouldbeSubstantiallyLimiting#""J#.LL=###72 ͕55݌ : Ќ      60  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   WhetherIndividualIs"RegardedAs"SubstantiallyLimitedinWorking#""J#.""]###73 67݌ 1 Ќ      80  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   DiscriminationBasedonGeneticInformationas"RegardedAs"Case#""J#.j!j!Z###76 888݌ ( Ќ      J90  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   DiscriminationBasedonPastWorkers'CompensationClaimsas"RegardedAs"Case#""J#.&###77 J9e9݌  Ќ      ͅ:0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   WhetherEmployerHas"Regarded"IndividualasDisabledBecauseEmployerHasMadeJobModificationsforEmployee'sMedicalCondition#""J#.22'###77 ͅ::݌   Ќ      ;0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   WhetherEmployerHas"Regarded"IndividualasDisabledBecauseEmployerAskedforaMedicalEvaluation#""J#.FFE###79 ;<݌ " Ќ      F=0  0` ##0 ` #` #0 # #   WhetherEmployerHas"Regarded"IndividualasDisabledByOfferingMedicalLeave#""J#.+###81 F=a=݌ $! Ќ  J  ~% "   [J__ eP(@qq"7  "Disability"Issues S?   @>>#7  AboutThisPaper ?  6 ThispaperpresentsXLXXXadiscussionofthequestionsconcerningwhetheranindividualhasadisability  < undertheADA,andincludesrecentcasecitationsontheseissues.&   @117  IntroductionandBackground @  H OneofthefirstquestionsthatarisesinconnectionwithmanyADAcasesiswhethertheindividualhasa"disability."Iftheindividualdoesnothaveadisability,s/heis' @generallynotprotectedbytheADA.Infact,courtshavedisposedofalargenumberofADAlawsuitsbyfindingthattheindividualdidnotevenhaveadisability.UndertheADA,adisabilityisa"physicalormentalimpairmentthatsubstantiallylimitsoneormoreofthemajorlifeactivitiesofsuchindividual."42U.S.C.12102(2)(A).Ofcourse,"disability"alsoincludeshavinga"recordof"suchanimpairment,orbeing"regardedas"havingsuchanimpairment.42U.S.C.12102(2)(B),(C).Thisdefinitionraisesanumberofdifficultissues,mostofwhichhavebeenandcontinuetobelitigated.Theseissuesinclude(amongothers)whethera"majorlifeactivity"isaffected,whethermedicationistakenintoaccountindeterminingiftheimpairmentsubstantiallylimitsamajorlifeactivity,whetheranimpairmentisconsideredmerely"shortterm,"whenanindividualisconsideredsubstantiallylimitedinthemajorlifeactivityof"working,"andwhetherparticularconditionslikeinfertility,diabetes,andaddictiontosmokingareconsidereddisabilities.Theseandotherquestionsareexaminedbelow.   `     h      p       @ 7  WhetherIndividualHasanImpairment G  J& Therehasbeenlittlelitigationontheissueofwhetheranindividualhasanimpairment.Thisisprobablybecauseemployersinmostcaseshavenotquestionedthemereexistenceofanimpairment.Nonetheless,itisveryimportanttoanalyzewhetheranimpairmentexists. V*## ЇTheADAregulationsbroadlydefineimpairmentstoincludeawidevarietyofdisordersorconditionsaffectinganynumberofbodysystems,includingtheneurologicalor_musculoskeletal_systems,specialsenseorgans,respiratory,cardiovascular,reproductive,digestive,_genito_Ԅurinary,hemic,lymphatic,orendocrinesystems,ortheskin.Impairmentsalsoincludementalorpsychologicaldisorders,includingmentalretardation,organicbrainsyndrome,emotionalormentalillness,andcertainlearningdisorders.29_C.F.R._Ԁ1630.2(h).Therefore,anydisorderisprobablyanimpairment.Forexample,in  Plantv.MortonInternational,Inc.,212F.3d929(6thCir.2000),   thecourtnotedthattheplaintiffs kneecontusionsandbackstrainareimpairments.Likewise,in 0 SinclairWilliamsv.Stark,2001U.S.App.LEXIS5367(6thCir.2001)(unpublished),thecourt  notedthattheplaintiffsmigraineheadachesareanimpairment.The_EEOC_Ԁhasdistinguishedbetweenconditionsthatareactuallyimpairmentsandconditionsthat !  arenot.Forexample,the_EEOC_Ԁhasstatedthatphysicalcharacteristics(suchaslefthandedness),commonpersonalitytraits(suchasbeingirresponsibleorshowingpoorjudgment),cultural,environmental,oreconomicdisadvantages,homosexuality,bisexuality,pregnancy,andnormaldeviationsinheight,weightorstrengtharenotimpairments.Appendixto29_C.F.R._Ԁ1630.2(h).The_EEOC_Ԁandcourtsalsohavestatedthattraitslikeirritabilityandchroniclatenessarenotthemselvesimpairments._EEOC_ԀEnforcementGuidanceontheADAandPsychiatricDisabilities,No.915.002(3/25/97),atp.4. ThisGuidanceisavailableontheinternetatwww.eeoc.gov.  6 See  _Duda_Ԁv.BoardofEducationofFranklinParkPublicSchoolDistrictNo.84,133F.3d1054 = (7thCir.1998)("meretemperamentandirritability"arenotcoveredundertheADA).CourtshavestatedthatconditionslikegeneralgrieforstressarenotcoveredundertheADA.See Q Johnsonv. C _Boardman_ԀPetroleum,Inc.,923F.Supp.1563(S.D.Ga.1996);_ u _Mundov._Sanus_ԀHealthPlanof F GreaterNewYork,966F.Supp.171(_E.D.N.Y._Ԁ1997)(electronicpublicationonly)( aninabilityto I toleratestressfulsituationsisnotanimpairmentundertheADA;theADA wasnotintendedtocategorizepeoplewithcommonpersonalitytraitsasdisabled); w _Dewitt_Ԁv._Carsten_,941F.Supp.  O 1232(N.D.Ga.1996),_aff'd_,122F.3d1079(11thCir.1997)(jobrelatedstress,causedbyan !R unpleasantbossorhavingunpleasantduties(workingaroundprisoners)isnotanADAdisability).Courtsalsohaveagreedwiththe_EEOC_ԀthatpoorjudgmentisnotanADAimpairment.See #X _ B _Greenbergv.NewYorkStateDepartmentofCorrectionalServices,919F.Supp.637(_E.D.N.Y._ $[ 1996)(employer'sperceptionthatcorrectionsofficerapplicantlackedabilitytomakedecisionsconcerningsafetyinemergencysituations,performwellunderstress,andidentifypotentialdisruptivesituationswas"tantamount"tofindingthathehad"poorjudgment,"whichisa"perso