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C-8

See Perfluorooctanoic acid, ammonium salt (3825-26-1)

Cadmium (7440-43-9)

– Ed. Note: This heading covers both cadmium and cadmium compounds.
– Canada, Ontario government passes toxics control measure that identifies proposed priority substances, 589
– Electrical equipment and electronic products, House actions

See Legislation, federal, HR 2420

– Germany limits use in batteries and creates manufacturer registry, 793
– Periodontal disease linked to exposure, In Brief, 123

Cadusafos (95465-99-9)

– Food safety, American Bird Conservancy files petition with EPA asking to revoke imported residue tolerances, 895

California

– Appointments and personnel changes, Gorsen resigns as head of Cal-EPA Toxic Substances Control Dep't, In Brief, 238
– Asbestos

– – Negligence, Foster Wheeler verdict “hopelessly inconsistent” in boiler manufacture suit (Cal. Ct. App.), 921
– – Occupational safety

– – – Joint compound, court rejects exposure award against manufacturer due to difficulty of apportioning liability (Cal. Ct. App.), 414
– – – San Diego Gas & Elec., new criminal trial for violating work practice standards may proceed (9th Cir.), 280; 2nd status conference scheduled in retrial (S.D. Cal.), 921

– – Product safety, state law imposes no duty to warn of defective products manufactured or supplied by third parties (Cal. Ct. App.), 227

– Bisphenol A, state lawmakers approve measure to ban manufacture and sale of children's food and drink containers with plasticizer, 563; measure toughening limits for baby and toddler products fails, 914
– Budget, FY2009-2010 appropriations, governor outlines new strategies to address anticipated deficit, 518
– Carbon nanotubes, state regulators ask manufacturers and importers to provide toxicity and other data, 113
– DBCP

– – Central American banana farm workers may split up class action suits to avoid federal court jurisdiction (C.D. Cal.), 306
– – Dole Food, 2 lawsuits by Nicaraguan banana plantation workers dismissed (Cal. Super. Ct.), 435; contempt hearing set for attorney accused of filing fraudulent pesticide exposure claims, 727

– Endangered species, San Francisco Bay area, EPA plans to study impacts of 74 pesticides on 11 protected species to settle ESA suit (N.D. Cal.), 678; EPA extends comment period on study proposal, 753
– Green chemistry, state agency announces advisory panel to help develop rules to implement new program, 382
– Hexavalent chromium, state proposes safe drinking water level to establish public health goal, 857
– Ozone-depleting substances, state air quality officials approve program to reduce GHG emissions from automotive refrigerants, 113
– Perchlorate in groundwater

– – Goodrich site in Rialto, EPA cannot rely on FOIA exemptions to withhold documents about vadose zone model used to assess contamination (D.D.C.), 90
– – Sacramento County sues Aerojet-General and Boeing to resolve long-running dispute over groundwater contamination (E.D. Cal.), 702

– Perchloroethylene, jury awards Modesto damages in product liability lawsuit against Dow and PPG for groundwater contamination (Cal. Super. Ct.), 542
– Pesticides

– – Air pollution, environmental and public health groups challenge rules easing emissions limits on use of fumigants (Cal. Super. Ct.), 572
– – Frog species threatened by spray drift in Sierra Nevada mountains, study says, 771

– Proposition 65

– – Bisphenol A, state advisory panel decides against adding to list for reproductive and developmental hazards, 719
– – Lead

– – – Astroturf agrees to eliminate most lead from synthetic grass products to settle suit (Cal. Super. Ct.), 836
– – – Handbags and wallets, environmental group to sue retailers for selling products that warrant consumer warnings, 356

– – Mercury, canned tuna firms not required to warn consumers because mercury contamination naturally occurring (Cal. Ct. App.), 281
– – Occupational safety, chemicals identified in worker safety standards as carcinogens and reproductive hazards must be listed without further scientific review (Cal. Super. Ct.), 457; state agency proposes adding 30 chemicals to list, 620
– – Styrene, industry trade group seeks to block listing (Cal. Super. Ct.), 745; state's effort to list as carcinogen tentatively sidelined, 809

– Superfund

– – Brown & Bryant agricultural chemical distribution site, arranger liability doctrine under CERCLA misapplied (U.S., rvs and rem), 460
– – Palos Verdes Shelf site, EPA to outline proposal to contain large undersea deposit of DDT and PCBs, 620; EPA announces plan to cap contaminated sediment, 998

– Volatile organic compounds

– – CARB adopts stricter limits for consumer-grade paint thinners, multipurpose solvents, and air fresheners, 941
– – SCAQMD overstepped authority by issuing “technology-forcing” standards for paints and coatings (Cal. Ct. App.), 1002

Canada

– Animal testing, researchers sign international agreement to reduce animal use in product testing, 429
– Benzyl chloride, environment agency proposes adding to Schedule 1 list of toxic substances, 569
– Bisphenol A

– – Baby bottle ban, In Brief, 687
– – Toxic substances, government publishes draft order proposing designation as toxic, 511

– Climate change, accounting guide for corporate directors, In Brief, 778
– DHNUP, environment agency proposes adding to Schedule 1 list of toxic substances, 569
– Emergency planning and response, hazmat shipper plans, In Brief, 655
– Enforcement, federal and Quebec agreement on EIS for pulp, paper, and metal mining, In Brief, 633
– Environmental petitions process, updated guidance, In Brief, 98
– Great Lakes

See Great Lakes

– Hazmat transport, proposed amendments on emergency response assistance plans, In Brief, 162
– Hexavalent chromium, federal government publishes final rules to limit emissions, 677
– HFCs, U.S. and Mexico join government in proposing Montreal Protocol amendment to phase down use, 915
– Lead, health agency publishes proposed content limit for certain consumer products, 646
– Mercury, environment agency publishes draft notice requiring dental facilities to implement pollution prevention plans to eliminate releases from amalgam wastes, 415
– NAFTA issues

See North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

– Nanotechnology

– – Occupational safety, government to require companies to report use, quantities, and toxicity of nanomaterials, 91
– – Risk management, 3 institutions publish guide to help companies manage health and safety risks of nanoparticles, 134

– Ozone-depleting substances, environment agency to develop and implement rules to manage collection and disposal of unwanted products, 570
– Penalties, proposed measure to strengthen fines for dealing with polluters, wildlife smugglers, and poachers, 231; lawmakers pass measure, In Brief, 687
– Pesticides, Ontario to implement ban on cosmetic uses soon, 234
– PFOS, final regulations target stain repellent for virtual elimination from manufacture, import, or use, 155
– Phosphorus

– – Alternatives for soaps and detergents, In Brief, 443
– – Water pollution, environment agency publishes final rules to broaden and toughen restrictions on household detergent and cleaner content, 677

– Phthalates, health agency publishes draft rules to ban import, sale, or advertisement of soft vinyl toys and child care articles, 646
– Pipelines, energy agency to require firms to contribute to remediation fund for abandoned pipelines, 577
– Risk assessment, Challenge to Industry chemicals review program, environment agency and health agency publish draft screening assessments for 14 chemicals, 884
– TCE, Ontario court approves settlement in Northstar Aerospace groundwater contamination class action suit, 646
– Toxic substances

– – Ontario legislature to consider measure to reduce use and release by manufacturing and industrial sectors, 358; provincial government passes measure, 589
– – Product safety, environment and health agencies publish draft orders proposing to designate 13 substances as toxic, 511; environment and health agencies publish notice of intent to consider regulatory action against 12 substances, 704; government to recommend 3 more substances for toxic designation, 792; government to recommend 2 organotin compounds for toxic designation, 845; environment and health agencies publish draft order to declare 7 chemicals as toxic, 1024
– – Significant new use, environment agency to require industry to notify government of any new uses of 2 benzenesulfonic acids, 570

– VOCs, government issues final rules on concentration limits for certain consumer and commercial products, 724; prohibitions for architectural coatings to be phased in over 5-year period, 1025

Cancer

See specific types of cancer
– Proposition 65

See California

Captan (133-06-2)

– Endocrine disruptor screening and testing program, EPA lists for initial study this year, 386; EPA to send test orders to manufacturers and registrants soon, 430

Carbaryl (63-25-2)

– Endangered species

– – Continued use of certain products likely to jeopardize 27 populations of West Coast salmon and steelhead trout, NMFS says, 417
– – San Francisco Bay area, EPA plans to study impact on 11 protected species to settle ESA suit (N.D. Cal.), 678

– Pesticide registration, EPA plans to approve request to cancel registrations for last 2 pet product uses, 1056
– Proposition 65, Cal. proposes listing as reproductive toxicant, 620

Carbendazim (10605-21-7)

– Canada, Ontario government passes toxics control measure that identifies proposed substances of concern, 589

Carbofuran (1563-66-2)

– Endangered species

– – Continued use of certain products likely to jeopardize 27 populations of West Coast salmon and steelhead trout, NMFS says, 417
– – San Francisco Bay area, EPA plans to study impact on 11 protected species to settle ESA suit (N.D. Cal.), 678

– Residue tolerances, EPA to revoke rule allowing use on food crops, 493; Jackson to review decisionmaking, 516

Carbolic acid

See Phenol (108-95-2)

2-Carbomethoxy-1-methylvinyl dimethyl phosphate

See Phosdrin (7786-34-7)

Carbon black (1333-86-4)

– Residue tolerances, EPA to exempt from requirements when used as colorant applied to seeds, 815

Carbon dioxide (124-38-9)

– Climate change

– – Cap-and-trade system

See Legislation, federal, HR 2454

– – EPA proposed rule finds GHG emissions endangering public health and welfare, 377

– SNAP, EPA considering new limits for refrigerant used as substitute for CFC-12 in motor vehicle air conditioners, 914

Carbon monoxide (630-08-0)

– Air pollution

– – Du Pont and Lucite Intl. agree to pay civil penalties and to close Belle plant to resolve alleged CAA violations (S.D.W.Va.), 411
– – Solutia and Total Petrochemicals USA to pay fines for violations of Tex. air quality rules, 491

– Risk assessment, ATSDR developing toxicological profile, 744

Carbon nanomaterials

See Nanotubes

Carbonotrithioic acid, bis(phenylmethyl) ester (26504-29-0)

– SNUR, EPA issues direct final rule, 913; correction, 944

Carbon tetrachloride (56-23-5)

– Air pollution, ambient concentrations regularly exceed EPA thresholds, study finds, 455
– National-Scale Air Toxics Assessment, most Americans at elevated risk from exposure to HAPs, EPA analysis finds, 641

Carbon tetrachloride/carbon disulfide fumigant mixture

– Occupational safety, pesticide applicators at risk for blood disorder from exposure, NCI study finds, 624

Carcinogens

– Cobalt/tungsten carbide powders and hard metals, 12th NTP report, NTP solicits public comment on expert panel recommended classification, 171
– Formaldehyde

– – Occupational safety, industrial workers with high-intensity exposures at increased risk of cancer, NCI study finds, 539
– – Risk assessment, NTP releases background document analyzing health effects associated with exposure, 883

– Italy, TCCD study, In Brief, 927
– National-Scale Air Toxics Assessment, most Americans at elevated risk from exposure to HAPs, EPA analysis finds, 641
– Proposition 65

See California

Cargo tanks and cargo tank motor vehicles

– Highway transport

– – Safety, PHMSA issues final rule to improve hazmat transport safety and reduce operating burdens on manufacturers, 366
– – Wetlines ban recommendation lacks evidence and could pose danger to workers, industry group says, 653

– Railroad tank cars, PHMSA interim final rule on toxic-by-inhalation materials allows upgrades while technology develops, 56

Caribbean Sea

– Shell Chem. Yabucoa agrees to pay penalty and invest in pollution control and monitoring improvements to settle CWA suit (D.C.P.R.), 48

Cars

See Motor vehicles

Caulking materials

See Adhesives

Caustic soda

See Sodium hydroxide (1310-73-2)

CBI

See Confidential business information (CBI)

Cedarwood oil (8000-27-9)

– Pesticide registration, EPA opens review docket, 979

Cement and concrete industry

– Lehigh Cement to pay Tex. fine for violations of reporting requirements, 808

Central America

See also specific countries
– DBCP, banana farm workers may split up class action suits to avoid federal court jurisdiction (C.D. Cal.), 306

CEQ

See White House Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ)

CERCLA

See Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)

Cerium oxide (1306-38-3)

– IRIS, final assessment, In Brief, 984

Certificates and certification

– Class actions

See Class actions

– European Parliament approves revision to voluntary ecolabeling scheme, 357
– Hazmat transport, delegates to Geneva meeting of UN Dangerous Goods Comm. to address training certification issues, 632
– Lead, commenters discuss CPSC proposed lab accreditation requirements for testing children's metal jewelry, 173

Cesium tungsten oxide (52350-17-1)

– SNUR, EPA issues direct final rule, 913; correction, 944

CFC-12

See Dichlorodifluoromethane (75-71-8)

CFC-22

See Chlorodifluoromethane (75-45-6)

CFCs

See Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

ChAMP (Chemical Assessment and Management Program)

See Risk assessment

Chemical accidents

See Emergency planning and response; Releases and spills

Chemical Assessment and Management Program (ChAMP)

See Risk assessment

Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB)

– Outlook 2009, Special Report, 78

Chemicals and chemical industry

– Animal use in testing products

See Animal testing

– Bayer CropScience pesticide plant

– – Methomyl residue treater tank explosion and fire

See Explosions and fires

– – Penalties, firm agrees to pay more than $1M to resolve violations of CWA, CAA, RCRA, and EPCRA at Institute plant, 223

– Biomonitoring of environmental chemicals

See Monitoring and measurement

– Chemical leasing, UNIDO and Austria to accept applications for first awards, 868
– Crown Chem., former president sentenced for CWA violations involving dumping of chemical wastes into Chicago regional sewer system (N.D. Ill.), 135
– Dow Chemicals

– – Air pollution, Dow agrees to pay fine for 9 Tex. air quality violations at Freeport facility, 542; Dow to pay Tex. fine for unauthorized emissions from Freeport facility, 673
– – Midland plant dioxin contamination

See Dioxins

– Du Pont

– – C-8, drinking water class action

See Perfluorooctanoic acid, ammonium salt (3825-26-1)

– – Reserve facility explosion and chemical release, expert testimony failed to establish connection to injuries claimed in class action suit (La. Ct. App.), 117
– – Teflon contamination of drinking water, class certification of 2 consolidated suits rejected (D.N.J.), 26

– First Chem. explosion, mononitrotoluene maker agrees to pay fine to settle CAA charges related to incident (S.D. Miss.), 841
– France, classified hazardous sites, lobby calls for suspension of new rules to help industry survive global economic downturn, 304; government to propose simplified registration procedure for lower-risk sites, 416
– Green chemistry

See Green chemistry

– International agreements

– – ICCM2 to discuss chemicals in finished products and other chemicals management topics, 391; participants struggle with fundamental questions, Conference Report, 499
– – PFCs, U.S. seeks voluntary national and global stewardship programs to reduce use, Conference Report, 501
– – Sweden calls for establishment of UN panel of scientists to examine risks, Conference Report, 500
– – UNEP chief calls for coordinated financing of management efforts, Conference Report, 499

– Leasing, UNIDO annual report, In Brief, 204
– Management, UNEP official praises industry for promoting good management programs, 525
– MSDS

See Material safety data sheets (MSDS)

– Occupational safety, OSHA launches one-year pilot national emphasis program for process safety management, 766
– PMNs

See Premanufacture notices (PMNs)

– REACH

See Registration, Evaluation, and Authorization of Chemicals (REACH) system

– Regulatory policy

– – Congress turning to multiple statutes to manage chemicals instead of amending only TSCA, speakers tell conferences, 380
– – International trade, chemical companies facing rapidly changing rules in many different countries, attorneys say, 1022
– – Obama administration can quickly make and implement decisions, EPA official says, 363

– SAICM

See Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM)

– Security at plants and other facilities

See Homeland security

– Shell Chem. to pay Tex. fine for failing to prevent unauthorized emissions, 808
– Shell Chem. Yabucoa agrees to pay penalty and invest in pollution control and monitoring improvements to settle CWA suit (D.C.P.R.), 48
– Small chemical preparations facilities NESHAP, EPA proposes limits for particulate matter containing toxic metals, 788; EPA to establish work practices and set emissions limits on some equipment, 1045
– 3M, PFCs in groundwater, ruling narrows damage claims by residents of Lake Elmo and Oakdale (Minn. Dist. Ct.), 90; 3M chemical releases did not affect homeowners' property values, 621

Chemical weapons

– Incineration, environmental group's challenge of plans to destroy weapons at 4 sites in continental U.S. rejected (D.D.C.), 843
– Pueblo Chem. Depot, judge denies request to allow state to impose enforceable deadline for destruction (D. Colo.), 976

Children's health

– Bisphenol A

See 4,4´-Isopropylidenediphenol (80-05-7)

– Hazardous air pollutants

– – Class actions, group of parents files suit against 11 companies allegedly emitting harmful levels of pollutants (Ind. Cir. Ct.), 302
– – PAHs, prenatal exposure associated with lower IQ in children, study finds, 742

– Integrated pest management, USDA and EPA announce plan to improve school health nationwide, 32
– Japan, study of causes of infant asthma, In Brief, 1006
– Lead

See generally Lead (7439-92-1)

– Mercury, CDC finds variations in blood levels among children in different racial groups, 566
– Pesticides, National Children's Study begins recruiting women for multiyear exposure study monitoring children from birth to age 21, 52
– Phthalates

See Phthalate (53124-26-8)

– Regulatory policy

– – “Model” state measures to protect children from toxic exposures highlighted in study, 339
– – Toxic substances, state legislators adopt resolution calling for changes to federal chemical policy, 772

– Risk assessment, Lautenberg (D-NJ) to introduce TSCA amendment on required health data, 587
– TCE in Camp Lejeune drinking water, military family seeks discretionary function exception to sovereign immunity in personal injury suit (U.S., rev sought), 118; (rev den), 589
– VCCEP

See Voluntary Children's Chemical Evaluation Program (VCCEP)

China

– Lithium ion batteries used in mobile devices and hybrid and electric cars, standards agency reviews draft safety rules, 1029
– Methyl chloroform, bans on production and use, In Brief, 819
– PFOS, government opposes proposed Stockholm Convention restrictions, 467
– REACH, more than 500 chemical manufacturers and exporters preregistered, program coordinator says, 384
– Registration, environment agency considers amendments to toxic substances law, 705

Chlorallylene

See Allyl chloride (107-05-1)

Chlordecone

See Kepone (143-50-0)

Chlorinated toluenes

– Canada, Ontario government passes toxics control measure that identifies proposed priority carcinogens, 589

Chlorine (7782-50-5)

– Chlor-alkali plant ban

See Legislation, federal, HR 2065; Legislation, federal, HR 2065, HR 2190, S 1428

– Emergency planning and response, researchers urge hospitals to stockpile ventilators in case of accidents or terrorist attacks, 12
– Hazardous waste, shop foreman and company president sentenced for burying compressed gas cylinders (E.D. Tex.), 543
– Hazmat transport, Union Pac. R.R. request to be allowed to refuse to transport some TIH materials comes under fire from other shippers, 392; STB says rail company must quote common carrier rates, 631

2-Chloroacetamide (79-07-2)

– Canada proposes dropping proposed toxic designation, 884

3-Chloroallyl chloride

See 1,3-Dichloropropylene (542-75-6)

4-Chlorobenzotrifluoride (98-56-6)

– Risk assessment, NTP proposes for testing for initial toxicological characterization, 538; board finds NTP plans to study justifiable, 739

1-Chloro-2,3-dibromopropane

See DBCP (96-12-8)

2,2´-[[3-Chloro-4-[(2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenyl)azo]phenyl]imino]bisethanol (23355-64-8)

– Canada does not propose further enforcement activity, 884

1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (75-68-3)

– SNAP program, EPA adds acceptable alternatives for foam blowing, 5

Chlorodifluoromethane (75-45-6)

– SNAP program, EPA adds acceptable alternatives for refrigeration, air conditioning, and foam blowing, 5

4-Chloro-N-[[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl]methyl]-3-ethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide

See Tebufenpyrad (119168-77-3)

1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane

See Epichlorohydrin (106-89-8)

2-Chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine

See Atrazine (1912-24-9)

2-[[4-Chloro-6-(ethylamino)-s-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-methylpropionitrile

See Cyanazine (21725-46-2)

Chloroethylene

See Vinyl chloride (75-01-4)

Chlorofluoroalkane

– SNUR, EPA issues direct final rule, 913

Chlorofluorocarbon 12

See Dichlorodifluoromethane (75-71-8)

Chlorofluorocarbon 22

See Chlorodifluoromethane (75-45-6)

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

– Canada to develop and implement rules to manage collection and disposal of unwanted products, 570
– Japan increases collection and destruction by 15 percent in FY2008, 769
– Montreal Protocol, EPA plans to allocate 63 metric tons for metered dose inhaler production in 2009, 50; 2009 allocations issued, In Brief, 654

Chloroform (67-66-3)

– Proposition 65, Cal. proposes listing as reproductive toxicant, 620

Chloromethane

See Methyl chloride (74-87-3)

4-Chloro-5-methylamino-2-(a,a,a-trifluoro-m-tolyl)-3(2H)-pyridazinone

See Norflurazon (27314-13-2)

Chloromethylbenzene

See Benzyl chloride (100-44-7)

(Chloromethyl)ethylene oxide

See Epichlorohydrin (106-89-8)

2-[2-Chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)-3-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)methyl]benzoyl]- 1,3-cyclohexanedione, ion (1-), potassium salt (1:1) (1121649-70-4)

– SNUR, EPA issues direct final rule, 913; correction, 944

Chlorophenothane

See DDT (50-29-3)

Chlorophenoxy herbicides

– Proposition 65, Cal. proposes listing as carcinogen, 620

4-[(2-Chlorophenyl)azo]-2,4-dihydro-5-methyl-2-phenyl-3H-pyrazol-3-one (6407-74-5)

– Canada proposes significant new activity notice requirement, 884

(2RS,3SR)-1-[3-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2,3-epoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)propyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole

See Epoxiconazole (135139-73-2)

1,1´-(Chlorophenylmethylene)bis[4-methoxybenzene] (40615-36-9)

– Canada, federal environment and health agencies publish notice of intent to consider regulatory action, 704

Chloropicrin (76-06-2)

– Air pollution, environmental and public health groups challenge rules easing emissions limits on use (Cal. Super. Ct.), 572

Chloroprene (126-99-8)

– Risk assessment, EPA releases draft toxicological review for public comment, 972

3-Chloro-1-propene

See Allyl chloride (107-05-1)

3-Chloropropenyl chloride

See 1,3-Dichloropropylene (542-75-6)

2-Chloropropionic acid (598-78-7)

– Proposition 65, Cal. proposes listing as reproductive toxicant, 620

3-Chloropropylene

See Allyl chloride (107-05-1)

3-Chloropropylene oxide

See Epichlorohydrin (106-89-8)

1-(4-Chloro-o-sulfo-5-tolylazo)-2-naphthol, barium salt

See D&C Red No. 9 (5160-02-1)

Chlorothalonil (1897-45-6)

– Occupational safety, pesticide applicators at risk for blood disorder from exposure, NCI study finds, 624
– Peas contaminated with pesticide residues, produce firm and owner plead guilty to alleged scheme to smuggle peas from Guatemala (S.D. Fla.), 32; sentencing, In Brief, 367

a-Chlorotoluene

See Benzyl chloride (100-44-7)

Chlorpyrifos (2921-88-2)

– Endangered species

– – Pacific salmonids, Dow challenge of NMFS biological opinion dismissed for lack of jurisdiction (D. Md.), 794
– – West Coast salmon and steelhead trout, EPA announces plans to limit use of pesticide to protect fish, 924

– Endocrine disruptor screening and testing program, EPA lists for initial study this year, 386; EPA to send test orders to manufacturers and registrants soon, 430
– Frog species threatened by spray drift in Cal. mountains, study says, 771

Chlorthal-dimethyl

See Dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (1861-32-1)

Chrome

See Chromium (7440-47-3)

Chrome yellow (1344-37-2)

– Canada, environment and health agencies publish draft order proposing designation as toxic, 511
– ECHA seeking comments on nomination for possible classification as substance of very high concern, 884

Chromic acid (11115-74-5)

– Canada publishes final hexavalent chromium emissions rules for electroplating, anodizing, and reverse etching facilities, 677

Chromic acid (H₂Cr₂O₇), disodium salt

See Sodium dichromate (10588-01-9)

Chromium (7440-47-3)

– Ed. Note: This heading covers both chromium and chromium compounds.
– Canada, Ontario government passes toxics control measure that identifies proposed priority substances, 589
– Small chemical preparations facilities NESHAP, EPA proposes limits for particulate matter containing toxic metals, 788

Chromium (VI)

See Hexavalent chromium (18540-29-9)

C.I. 12120

See D&C Red No. 35 (2425-85-6)

C.I. 24110

See 3,3´-Dimethoxybenzidine (119-90-4)

C.I. 37230

See 3,3´-Dimethylbenzidine (119-93-7)

C.I. 77000

See Aluminum (7429-90-5)

C.I. 77052

See Antimony trioxide (1309-64-4)

C.I. 77266

See Carbon black (1333-86-4)

C.I. 77320

See Cobalt (7440-48-4)

C.I. 77400

See Copper (7440-50-8)

C.I. 77600

See Chrome yellow (1344-37-2)

C.I. 77603

See Chrome yellow (1344-37-2)

C.I. 77775

See Nickel (7440-02-0)

C.I. 77955

See Zinc yellow (37300-23-5)

C.I. Acid Green 40:1 (70161-19-2)

– Canada to require industry to notify government of any new uses, 570

C.I. Azoic Diazo Component 113

See 3,3´-Dimethylbenzidine (119-93-7)

C.I. Direct Black 38 (1937-37-7)

– Canada deems substance not to warrant further controls, 569

C.I. Disperse Black 6

See 3,3´-Dimethoxybenzidine (119-90-4)

C.I. Pigment Red 3

See D&C Red No. 35 (2425-85-6)

C.I. Pigment Red 49, barium salt (2:1)

See 2-((2-Hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)azo)-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, barium salt (2:1) (1103-38-4)

C.I. Pigment Red 104 (12656-85-8)

– Canada, environment and health agencies publish draft order proposing designation as toxic, 511
– ECHA seeking comments on nomination for possible classification as substance of very high concern, 884

C.I. Pigment White 11

See Antimony trioxide (1309-64-4)

C.I. Pigment Yellow 3

See Zinc yellow (37300-23-5)

C.I. Pigment Yellow 34

See Chrome yellow (1344-37-2)

Cinnamene

See Styrene (100-42-5)

Citizens' suits

– Air pollution, Shell Oil agrees to settle CAA suit over “upset” emissions at Houston area plant (S.D. Tex.), 410
– Grout sealant, CPSA and CPSC rules do not establish private cause of action for timely failure to report potential product hazards (N.D. Ga.), 619; wholesale distributor may face liability for negligence claims as “ostensible manufacturer,” 747
– Notice and notification, lack of advance notice of pollution-related class action cannot be cured (D.N.J.), 385

Civil rights

See Environmental justice

Class actions

– Air pollution

– – Du Pont, proposed settlement in Louisville residents' suit receives preliminary approval (W.D. Ky.), 700
– – Oxy Vinyls, suit dismissed after plaintiffs lack demonstrable evidence of chemical releases from Louisville plant (W.D. Ky.), 700
– – Rohm & Haas, proposed settlement in Louisville residents' suit receives preliminary approval (W.D. Ky.), 700
– – Zeon Chem., proposed settlement rejected after judge finds several provisions unfair (W.D. Ky.), 700

– Asbestos, Unocal pipeline removal site, certification of 2 classes of property owners vacated (Colo. Ct. App.), 770
– C-8, drinking water contamination

See Perfluorooctanoic acid, ammonium salt (3825-26-1)

– Canada, Ontario court approves settlement in Northstar Aerospace TCE groundwater contamination suit, 646
– Children's health, group of parents file class action suit against 11 companies allegedly emitting harmful levels of HAPs (Ind. Cir. Ct.), 302
– Citizens' suits, lack of advance notice of pollution-related suit cannot be cured (D.N.J.), 385
– DBCP, Central American banana farm workers may split up lawsuits to avoid federal court jurisdiction (C.D. Cal.), 306
– Dioxins, Dow Chem. Midland plant, oral arguments heard in suit brought by group of property owners and residents of Tittabawassee River basin (Mich. Sup. Ct.), 225; trial court must clarify how class members were joined as plaintiffs (Mich.), 791
– Drywall, homeowners and home builder file suit against firm that manufactured contaminated product in China (M.D. Fla.), 157
– Du Pont Reserve facility explosion and chemical release, expert testimony failed to establish connection to injuries claimed in class action suit (La. Ct. App.), 117
– Formaldehyde, class certification denied to plaintiffs alleging toxic exposure in FEMA trailers (E.D. La.), 9
– Groundwater, certification of Thomas class survives review after Robichaux class challenge (La. Ct. App.), 514
– Lead, drinking water agency hid multiyear spike in levels from public, class action suit claims (D.C. Super. Ct.), 200
– Libby vermiculite mining Superfund site, court grants preliminary approval to settlement of homeowner class action against W.R. Grace (Bankr. D. Del.), 116
– Sulfuric acid, Norfolk S. R.R. leak, class certification denial upheld (6th Cir.), 143
– Teflon-related contamination of drinking water, class certification of 2 consolidated medical monitoring suits rejected (D.N.J.), 26
– Tort reform, Okla. measure addresses medical evidence for asbestos claims, class action caps, and noneconomic damages for personal injury cases, 576

Classification

– Cobalt/tungsten carbide powders and hard metals, 12th Carcinogen Report, NTP solicits public comment on expert panel recommendation, 171
– Denmark, testing regime inadequate to support classification and labeling of detergents, court rules, 460
– European Union

– – Dangerous Substances Directive, European Comm'n modifies classification and labeling rules for more than 600 chemicals, 88
– – Diantimony trioxide, ECHA calls for comments on harmonization plans, 201
– – Epoxiconazole, ECHA calls for comments on harmonization plans, 201

– GHS

See Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals

Clean Air Act (CAA)

– Ed. Note: This heading is limited to CAA reauthorization or reform. The heading AIR POLLUTION provides coverage of CAA administration and enforcement and cross-references to specific pollutants and industries regulated under CAA.

Cleaning agents

– Canada issues final rules on concentration limits for VOCs in certain automotive refinishing products, 724
– Crown Chem., former president sentenced for CWA violations involving dumping of chemical wastes into Chicago regional sewer system (N.D. Ill.), 135
– Disclosure of ingredients, coalition of environmental groups sues 4 manufacturers of household products for failure to submit semiannual reports to state (N.Y. Sup. Ct.), 177
– Phosphorus

See Phosphorus (7723-14-0)

Clean Water Act (CWA)

– Ed. Note: This heading is limited to CWA reauthorization or reform. The heading WATER POLLUTION provides coverage of CWA administration and enforcement and cross-references to specific pollutants and industries regulated under CWA.
– Scope of statute, House Transp. and Infrastructure Comm. list of legislative priorities includes measure to delimit covered waters, 97

Climate change

– Air pollution, Jackson pledges to using all tools available in CAA to reduce GHG emissions, 53; EPA publishes proposed rule finding GHG emissions endanger public health, 418; think tank and lawmakers ask EPA to make agency economist's comments public, 682
– Automotive refrigerants, Cal. approves program to reduce GHG emissions, 113
– Biotechnology

See Biotechnology

– Canada, accounting guide for corporate directors, In Brief, 778
– Cap-and-trade system

See Legislation, federal, HR 2454

– Chemical industry study shows products reduce more GHG emissions in use than release during manufacture, 697
– Energy

– – Next decade crucial in moving to low-carbon economy, Natl. Research Council says, 775
– – Senate actions

See Legislation, federal, S 1733

– European Union

– – Chemicals industry policy group calls for reductions in energy use and GHG emissions, 202
– – Heavy manufacturing industries could receive free GHG emissions credits, European Comm'n draft document says, 943

– Motor vehicles, Pres. Obama announces changes in fuel economy standards and national limits on GHG emissions, 518; fuel economy standard for cars and light trucks could be lower than announced, 539
– Public health, EPA proposed rule finds GHG emissions endangering public health and welfare, 377; House panel turns back resolution to request information on seeking information on endangerment, 603
– Regulatory policy, state legislators urge federal government to study impact on states, 772
– Senate actions, Kerry (D-Mass) remains hopeful for floor vote before Copenhagen meeting, 774
– Spain approves gas tax to help curb GHG emissions, 631
– Switzerland proposes changes to federal rules on marketing and sale of certain fluorinated GHGs, 49

Clothing

See Apparel

CO₂

See Carbon dioxide (124-38-9)

Coal tar creosote

See Creosote (8001-58-9)

Coal tar pitch, high temperature (65996-93-2)

– ECHA seeking comments on nomination for possible classification as substance of very high concern, 884

Coatings

See Paints and coatings

Cobalt (7440-48-4)

– Canada

– – Federal environment and health agencies publish notice of intent to consider regulatory action, 704
– – Ontario government passes toxics control measure that identifies proposed priority substances, 589

– Drinking water, Contaminant Candidate List, EPA releases final list of 116 contaminants, 937

Cobalt (II) chloride

See Cobalt dichloride (7646-79-9)

Cobalt dichloride (7646-79-9)

– Canada, federal environment and health agencies publish notice of intent to consider regulatory action, 704

Cobaltous sulfate (10124-43-3)

– Canada, federal environment and health agencies publish notice of intent to consider regulatory action, 704

Cobalt (II) sulfate (1:1)

See Cobaltous sulfate (10124-43-3)

Cobalt (II) sulfate (10393-49-4)

– Canada, federal environment and health agencies publish notice of intent to consider regulatory action, 704

Cobalt/tungsten carbide hard metal manufacturing

– Carcinogenicity, 12th NTP report, NTP solicits public comment on expert panel recommended classification, 171

Colorado

– Asbestos, Unocal pipeline removal site, certification of 2 classes of property owners vacated (Colo. Ct. App.), 770

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)

– Ed. Note: This heading is limited to CERCLA reauthorization or reform. The heading SUPERFUND provides coverage of CERCLA administration and enforcement and cross-references to specific pollutants and industries regulated under CERCLA.
– Reauthorization high on list of legislative priorities issued by House Transp. and Infrastructure Comm., 97

Computers and computer equipment

See also Internet
– Antimicrobial keyboards, Samsung agrees to pay fine and stop making inhibition claims, EPA says, 1057
– PBDEs, Wash. state restrictions to include computers, televisions, and furniture, 114

Concrete industry

See Cement and concrete industry

Conference Reports

– Helsinki Chem. Forum, 552 et seq.
– ICCM2, 499 et seq.; 523 et seq.; 543
– REACH Stakeholders' Day, 552 et seq.

Conferences and meetings

– Am. Bar Ass'n, 602
– Am. Chem. Soc., 299; 311
– Am. Soc. of Safety Eng'rs, 766
– ATSDR, 672
– Chatham House, 917
– Chem. Sector Coordinating Council, 679
– CropLife Am., 430
– D.C. Bar Ass'n, 380
– DHS, 679
– ECHA, 920
– Envtl. Law Inst., 1004
– EU Chem. Reg. Conf., 4th annual, 384
– Food and Drug Law Inst., 169
– Future of U.S. Chemicals Policy, 993
– GlobalChem Conf. and Exhibition, Baltimore, 353 et seq.; 380; 384; 391
– Green Chemistry and Commerce Council, 489
– Informa Life Sci., 358
– Intl. Conf. on Biopesticides, 5th, 438
– Intl. Conf. on Chem. Mgmt. (ICCM2), 380; 499 et seq.
– Mid-Am. Regulatory Commissioners, 632
– NanoBusiness Alliance, 886; 887
– Nanotechnology Law, Regulation, and Policy, 2nd Annual Conf., 192 et seq.
– Natl. Acad. of Scis.

– – Computational Toxicology, 938
– – Opportunities and Challenges in Emerging Field of Synthetic Biology, 728
– – Toxicity Pathway-based Risk Assessment, 485

– Natl. Research Council, 765
– NNCO workshop, In Brief, 98
– OECD, 918; 940
– RISE, 430
– Soc. for Chem. Hazard Communication, 1006
– Soc. for Risk Analysis, 918
– Soc. of Chem. Hazard Communication, 996
– Soc. of Toxicology, 284; 299; 308; 311
– UNEP Governing Council, 25th Session, 169; 195

Confidential business information (CBI)

– Bayer CropScience pesticide plant explosion and fire, CSB postpones public hearing on investigation of fatal incident, 223; Coast Guard and CSB agree on details of public hearing presentation, 382; investigators say safety lapses led to thermal runaway reaction, 405
– TSCA Inventory, EPA to move 530 chemicals to public list, 765

Congress, U.S.

– Ed. Note: This heading is used for administrative actions only. For coverage of legislation by bill number, see LEGISLATION, FEDERAL. For information on measures not yet assigned bill numbers, see relevant subject headings.
– House Transp. and Infrastructure Comm. releases list of legislative priorities, 97

Connecticut

– Bisphenol A, state lawmakers give final approval to ban on use in reusable food containers, 540; governor signs measure, 621
– Simoniz USA agrees to pay fine and to perform 3 SEPs to settle charges of violating EPCRA and CAA at Bolton facility, 384

Conquer

– Fatal home treatment incident, Or. pest control firm to pay fine to resolve 7 alleged violations of FIFRA, 437

Conspiracy

– Hazardous waste, allegation in state tort suit that 2 firms sought to circumvent federal rules insufficient to grant federal jurisdiction (N.D. Ill.), 462

Construction industry

– Drywall from China, recent CPSC report tallies complaints and outlines ongoing investigation, 723
– Hazardous waste, J.C. Evans Construction to pay Tex. fine for failing to obtain authorization to operate rock crusher, 673

Construction materials

– Asbestos-containing materials

See generally Asbestos (1332-21-4)

– Drywall, homeowners and home builder file class action suit against firm that manufactured contaminated product in China (M.D. Fla.), 157
– Grout sealant, CPSA and CPSC rules do not establish private cause of action for timely failure to report potential product hazards (N.D. Ga.), 619; wholesale distributor may face liability for negligence claims as “ostensible manufacturer,” 747
– Gypsum wallboard, home builder files suit against firms that manufactured contaminated product in China (Fla. Cir. Ct.), 157

Consumer products

– Bisphenol A, 6 baby bottle manufacturers agree to ban chemical over health concerns, 251
– Canada

– – Lead, government publishes proposed content limit for certain products, 646
– – VOCs, government issues final rules on concentration limits for certain products, 724; prohibitions to be phased in over 5-year period, 1025

– Cosmetics

See Cosmetics

– Drywall from China, recent CPSC report tallies complaints and outlines ongoing investigation, 723
– Grout sealant, CPSA and CPSC rules do not establish private cause of action for timely failure to report potential product hazards (N.D. Ga.), 619; wholesale distributor may face liability for negligence claims as “ostensible manufacturer,” 747
– Household cleaners

See Cleaning agents

– Internet, environmental group debuts website designed to provide consumers with test data on common products, 917
– Lead content

See generally Lead (7439-92-1)

– Mercury-containing light bulbs, Me. lawmakers give final approval to measure requiring manufacturers to establish recycling programs, 541; governor signs measure, 644
– PBDEs, Wash. state restrictions to include computers, televisions, and furniture, 114
– Personal care products, Columbia River Basin, EPA Region 10 report provides first comprehensive gauge of water pollution risks, 88
– Phosphorus

See Phosphorus (7723-14-0)

– Phthalates

See Phthalate (53124-26-8)

– SC Johnson to reveal ingredients of home cleaning and fragrance products voluntarily, 251
– Titanium dioxide nanoparticles in sunscreen

– – Dermal hazards, particles do not penetrate skin but harm bacteria, studies find, 299
– – Risk assessment, EPA releases draft case studies describing potential exposures and consequences, 789

– VOCs, CARB adopts stricter content standards for paint thinners, multipurpose solvents, and air fresheners, 941

Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA)

– Deadline extension

See Legislation, federal, S 389

– Reform

See Legislation, federal, S 374

– Regulatory policy, CPSC likely to issue more guidance documents and rules soon, officials say, 175

Containers

– Bisphenol A, Senate measure to ban from food and drink containers

See Legislation, federal, S 593

– Cargo tanks

See Cargo tanks and cargo tank motor vehicles

– Chlorine compressed gas cylinders, shop foreman and company president sentenced for burying hazardous waste containers (E.D. Tex.), 543
– Solo Cup faces OSHA penalties for alleged deficiencies in process safety management program, 746
– Taiwan formally lists Bisphenol A as toxic substance and revises plastic food container rules, 793

Contracts and contractors

– Agent Orange, government contractor defense, claims for damages against Dow dismissed (U.S., rev den), 221

Control of Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems on Ships Convention

– U.S. compliance measure

See Legislation, federal, HR 3618

Cooling systems

See Air conditioning

Copper (7440-50-8)

– Canada, Ontario government passes toxics control measure that identifies proposed priority substances, 589
– Treated wood products, NMFS seeking public comment on draft guidelines for aquatic environments, In Brief, 57
– TRI annual report for 2007 shows high releases, 275

Copyright

See Intellectual property

Cosmetics

– EU Cosmetics Directive, agreement on changes introduces procedure to regulate use of nanomaterials in beauty products, 300
– Water pollution, Columbia River Basin, EPA Region 10 report provides first comprehensive gauge of risks, 88

Cost-benefit analysis

– Biotechnology, reports differ on benefits of expanding GM commercial crops worldwide, 179
– Endosulfan, EPA seeks information on value of pesticide and possible alternatives as environmental groups seek ban, 468
– Perchlorate in drinking water, EPA IG report supports agency decision not to impose stringent limits, 27
– Synthetic biology, think tank report, In Brief, 311

CPSIA

See Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA)

Creosote (8001-58-9)

– Canada, Ontario government passes toxics control measure that identifies proposed priority carcinogens, 589
– Treated wood products, NMFS seeking public comment on draft guidelines for aquatic environments, In Brief, 57

Cresol (1319-77-3)

– Superfund, ATSDR issues updated final toxicological profile, 132

Cresylic acid

See Cresol (1319-77-3)

Cruiser

See Thiamethoxam (153719-23-4)

CSB

See Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB)

Cumyl peroxide (80-43-3)

– Canada, Ontario government passes toxics control measure that identifies proposed substances of concern, 589

CWA

See Clean Water Act (CWA)

Cyanazine (21725-46-2)

– Soil contamination, researchers find that mixture of iron and soybean oil can break down herbicide, 795

Cyanide (57-12-5)

– Canada, Ontario government passes toxics control measure that identifies proposed priority substances, 589

Cyanide salts

– IRIS, EPA issues draft toxicological review for public comment, 939

Cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 4-chloro-a-(methylethyl)benzeneacetate

See Fenvalerate (51630-58-1)

Cyclohexane (110-82-7)

– BP N. Am. Texas City refinery, firm agrees to pay fine to resolve alleged EPCRA violations, 250

Cyclohexatriene

See Benzene (71-43-2)

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl ester

See Permethrin (52645-53-1)

Cygon

See Dimethoate (60-51-5)

Cyproconazole (94361-06-5)

– Food safety, American Bird Conservancy files petition with EPA asking to revoke imported residue tolerances, 895

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